Seeing Eye to Eye : Islamic Universalism in the Roman and Byzantine Worlds, 7th to 10th centuries
Byzantine sources often seem to ignore the religious cause of controversy with Islam: they refer to Muslims as “Arabs”, “Saracens”, “Ismaelites” or “Hagarenes”, names which had already been used to denote the pre-Islamic Arabs. The Byzantine point of observation on the universalist claims of Early Islam is, thus, not quite clear. There are, however, several clues to the assumption that the early C
