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Haemophilus influenzae är en bakterie som lever i människans luftvägar. Ofta orsakar bakterien ingen skada hos personen som bär den, men ibland orsakar H. influenzae luftvägsinfektioner såsom öroninflammation hos barn, akut försämring hos patienter med kroniskt obstruktiv luftvägssjukdom (KOL) samt lunginflammation. Bakterien kan också orsaka allvarliga infektioner såsom blodförgiftning och hjärnhHaemophilus influenzae is a common cause of respiratory tract infections such as acute otitis media (AOM), exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. The species is subdivided into encapsulated and non-encapsulated strains, designated type a-f and nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi), respectively. Prior to introduction of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines aga

Objective: Late age at first childbirth is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. Previous studies have, however, shown conflicting results to whether late age at first childbirth also influences the prognosis of breast cancer survival. The aim of this study was to examine age at first birth in relation to survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Results: We used information from the Mal

Reuse of different types of experience is a key issue in successful improvement in software engineering. The approach taken in the Quality Improvement Paradigm (QIP) and its supporting organisation, tile Experience Factory (EF), is to define an Experience Base (EB), where all types of reusable objects are organised and stored. The objects may be of any type related to software development, for exa

The purpose of this study was to describe changes in smoking behaviour and exposure to passive smoking among hospital employees at a large Danish University Hospital (Bispebjerg Hospital) from 1992 until 1999 as part of a program toward a smoke-free hospital. The study was based upon three cross-sectional self-administered questionnaires surveys carried out among all employees at the hospital - ap

Tumor response in radionuclide therapy can be monitored with PET/CT and/or PET/MR. A high background photon fluence from a therapy radionuclide may influence both image quality and quantification, when imaging is performed intra-therapeutically, i.e. with high activity of the therapeutic radionuclide present. Here, count losses and image distortion have been investigated for preclinical and clinic

BACKGROUND: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with impaired antibody levels after childhood vaccinations and immunosuppressive effects in animals. However, the in vivo effects of PFAS on antigen specific human T cell responses have not been investigated in adults. In Ronneby, Sweden, the drinking water of one of the water works was previously highly contaminated with primarily

Spin-polarized calculations in solids have generally been confined to a global quantization axis to simplify both the theoretical model and its implementation in self-consistent codes. This approximation is justified as many materials exhibit a collinear magnetic order. However, in recent years much interest has been directed towards noncollinear magnetism in which the magnetization density is a c

To investigate multimodal signals in cat–human communication we recorded 36 cat–owner interactions in everyday situations that were judged by the owners for valence (negative, mixed or positive). We then coded the videos for behaviour using an ethogram including vocal, visual and tactile (multimodal) signals. Vocalisations were segmented and acoustic measures of duration and F0 obtained. In cats,

BACKGROUND: Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) is an unconventional neurotrophic factor that protects dopamine neurons and improves motor function in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD).OBJECTIVE: The primary objectives of this study were to assess the safety and tolerability of both CDNF and the drug delivery system (DDS) in patients with PD of moderate severity.METHODS: We assess

Background: COVID-19 caused a profound global impact, resulting in significant cases and deaths. The progression of COVID-19 clinical manifestations is influenced by a dysregulated inflammatory response. Early identification of the subclinical progression is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. While there are various biomarkers to predict disease severity and outcomes, t

The slug moth family Limacodidae is a cosmopolitan group of economic importance, but its higher level systematics remains poorly understood. Here, we present a robust, higher level phylogenetic framework for Palaearctic and Indomalayan members of the family using sequence capture data of 148 nuclear protein-coding and 13 mitochondrial markers from 145 samples of 126 species in 67 genera representi

Background: Mental distress is a major public health problem which includes anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms such as sleeping problems, fatigue and headache. University students are consistently reported to have higher levels of mental distress compared to the general population. Although university students with mental distress have significantly impaired cognitive functioning, learning d

I den svenska rättsordningen anses djur vara lös egendom. Detta innebär att de kan säljas, bytas, överges och till och med dödas, allt enligt ägarens vilja. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda vad denna status får för effekter samt om det rättsliga skydd djur har i övrigt är tillräckligt. En följd av att djur räknas som lös egendom är att brott mot djur kan rubriceras som skadegörelse. VidareIn the Swedish legal system animals are considered property. This leads to them being able to be sold, traded, abandoned and even killed, all according to the wishes of the owner. The purpose of this essay is investigating what the effects of this status are, as well as investigating whether the legal protection animals have through Swedish law in other aspects is sufficient. One effect of the f

Lösningsmedel är vätskor i vilka nästan all kemi utspelar sig, såsom tillverk- ningen av kemiska ämnen (t.ex. mediciner), extraktioner av ämnen, eller separationer av olika ämnen. Inom framförallt läkemedelsindustrin används enorma mängder lösningsmedel, vilket är ett stort problem eftersom nästan alla vanliga lösningsmedel är giftiga, miljöfarliga, och brandfarliga. Så kallade gröna lösningsmedelCO2-expanded liquids (CXLs) are a class of solvent systems that have shown great promise as a green and effective medium in synthesis, catalysis, extractions, and analytical separation methods. Unfortunately, not much information is available on the polarity and miscible compositions of CXL systems, information which is crucial for selecting the right solvent system for a particular application. H

Under senmedeltiden och den tidigmoderna tiden ökade den internationella sjöhandeln kraftigt och successivt skedde en förändring i det merkantila handelsbruket: I takt med att resorna blev längre och mer tidskrävande upphörde lastägarna att tillsammans med sitt gods resa med på transportfartygen. Lastägarnas uteblivna närvaro ersattes med enkla transportdokument, ofta benämnda som ”konossement”. KDuring the late middle ages and the early modern times, international trade by sea increased significantly and a gradual change took place in the mercantile trade practice: As the trips became longer, and more time consuming, the merchants (the cargo owners) ceased to travel along with their cargo aboard the ships. The lack of the cargo owner’s presence was replaced by simple transport documents,

In this study we aim to provide a deeper understanding of the thoughts on interaction and the collaborative work that school counselor’s facing with social services, healthcare, the school faculty and staff. The study is conducted through eight qualitative interviews with school counselors from different schools throughout the city of Malmö. We gathered the empirical material and categorized it in

As a result of the official report on democracy (Demokratiutredningen), the Swedish government decided in 2002 to prescribe by law the right of initiation for common citizens in city councils (medborgerlig förslagsrätt). All citizens are therefore now entitled to submit a proposal which then will be dealt with by the city council as a motion. In this paper the handling of the citizen proposal is s

The C99 standard for the C programming language introduced the new type qualifier restrict which acts as a hint for the compiler and the programmer that the specified pointer is not aliased by any other pointer if the pointed object can be modified. By using restrict on pointers the compiler may, if implemented and allowed, optimize code even further. This thesis investigates how well the C compil

Reglerna kring husrannsakan har sett i stort sett likadana ut sen tidigt 1900-tal. Vissa menar att detta gör att regelverket är hopplöst utdaterat och inte klarar av att möta nya problem som utvecklingen för med sig. Från vissa politiska håll har uttryckts vilja om att utvidga möjligheterna att företa husrannsakan. Denna uppsats undersöker de konstitutionella förutsättningarna för att införa regelThe legislation surrounding searches of locations have remained roughly the same since the early 20th century. Some say this makes the code desperately outdated and unable to face new problems arising. Some political actors have expressed a wish to extend the possibilities of conducting searches. This article examines the constitutional conditions, in view of the protected right to privacy, for le