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Understanding the mechanisms of complex polygenic diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) is as complex as their nature. Cellular processes involved in glucose homeostasis need high and reliable energy supply. Mitochondria are the major energy producers in mammalian cells. Since majority of the mitochondrial genes are encoded by the nuclear genome, a tightly regulated and coordinated nuclear-mitochond
We have measured the uptake capacity of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) from different soil depths by injecting N-15 and caesium (Cs; as an analogue to K) at 5 and 50 cm soil depth and analysing the recovery of these markers in foliage and buds. The study was performed in monocultures of 40-year-old pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.
Denna uppsats undersöker NJA 2023 s. 393 (”Vapenattrappen”), och dess konsekvenser för såväl gällande rätt som domstolarnas rättstillämpning. Domen kom under våren 2023 att kritiseras hårt. I målet stod två män åtalade för försök till vapenbrott, eftersom de påstods ha försökt inneha vapen. Vapnen byttes emellertid ut mot en ofarlig attrapp av polis ca. fyra månader innan de tilltalade dök upp, vaThis paper examines NJA 2023 s. 393 ("The Dummy Weapon"), and its consequences for both current law and practical legal application. The verdict would come to be heavily criticized during the spring of 2023. Two men were prosecuted in the case. They were charged with attempted exceptionally aggravated weapons offence, since they had allegedly tried to possess firearms. The firearms had,
Remote sensed vegetation biophysical indicators are derived from various sensors and methods and contribute to the quantification of vegetation growth. They are used as inputs to early warning systems for crop yield estimation, thus improving crop management and food security. However, the performance of any such system is affected by the performance of the chosen remote sensed biophysical indicat
Sex chromosome evolution is a fascinating research topic because sex chromosomes provide a snapshot of evolution in many different lineages. Sex chromosomes often cease to recombine and therefore degenerate, and have also often been reshuffled during their evolution from autosomes. It has been discovered that within Sylvioidea passerine species half of chromosome 4a has translocated and fused with
Issue of study: The plastic injection moulding industry has become highly competitive in terms of lead times and pricing, following an increase in low-cost manufacturing from Asia, as a part of the full supply chain. To remain competitive, mould tool manufacturers are looking to complement new tool manufacturing with local after-sales services in countries where their mould tools are being used. U
Hur påverkar Herpes Simplex Virus vilka gener som uttrycks i den infekterade cellen? Herpes Simplex Virus har förmågan att ändra vilka gener som uttrycks i en infekterad cell. Detta gör att viruset får verktyg att ändra på proteinerna på den infekterade cellens yta. Vi har undersökt hur den lyckas med detta genom att blockera olika signalvägar och mäta hur mycket RNA av olika gener som produceratHerpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a virus infecting over 90 % of the population. It causes latent infections in nerve cells and can upon reactivation travel along the neurons and cause lytic infections with painful blisters as a result. HSV-1 infects multiple cell types, fibroblasts and T-cells among others. During infection HSV-1 is known to downregulate the transcription of many of the gene
Med den globala uppvärmningen förutspås klimatet i arktiska och subarktiska miljöer förändras påtagligt. Enligt IPCCs senaste rapport kan både temperatur och nederbörd öka dubbelt så mycket som det globala genomsnittet, och störst ökning väntas under vinterhalvåret. Många känsliga ekosystem och miljöer kommer med stor sannolikhet att påverkas redan vid små förändringar. Ett exempel på sådana miljöThe on-going global warming is projected to have large impacts on the arctic and subarctic environment. Especially vulnerable are ecosystems with narrow climatic envelopes and with small possibilities of adaptation. An example of this is the palsa mires, subarctic mire complexes with patches of permafrost. Palsas are peat mounds with a frozen core, formed by the expansion and upheaval of the segre
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Vi lever idag i ett informationssamhälle och delar av denna information är geografisk. Denna geografiska information kan användas för att skapa kartor efter egna önskemål och för specifika användningsområden. Genom att ansluta till en webbsida som tillhandahåller visningstjänster av kartor kan en användare välja vilken information som ska vara med i en karta och We live in an information intensive society and geographic data are part of this information. These geographic data are used by private persons to plan holiday trips or to find the way to business meetings. Companies utilize geographic data in fields such as forestry, construction work, and tourism. Local municipalities require geographic data for planning purposes, and in the academic world much
En vegetationskarta och en digital höjdmodell har gjorts över ett 54 km2 stort område beläget på Svalbards västkust, vid Isfjorden. Vegetationskartan är baserad på flygbilder och en undersökning gjord i fält under juli månad 1994. Systemet som användes vid klassificeringen av de olika vegetationstyperna är utarbetad av Elven et al. (1990) för en liknande studie i Gipsdalen på Svalbard. Vår vegetatA vegetation map and a Digital Elevation Model has been generated over a 54 km2 area situated at the western coast of Svalbard, at the Isfjorden fiord. The map is based on aerial photographs and a field survey made during the summer of 1994. The classification system used is described by Elven et alia (1990), for a similar study in Gipsdalen in the inner part of Isfjorden. The classification of th
The quinoline-3-carboxamides (Q compounds) are a family of small molecules that ameliorate various types of murine inflammatory autoimmune disease. One such compound has also demonstrated anti-tumor effects in murine tumor models. Several Q compounds have reached clinical trials and one compound, laquinimod, is currently in phase III clinical trial for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The Q
BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HRT) and oral contraceptive (OC) use have in several studies been reported to be associated with a decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, data on the association between HRT and OC and risk of different clinicopathological and molecular subsets of CRC are lacking. The aim of this molecular pathological epidemiology study was therefore to evalua
BACKGROUND: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists have been reported to have beneficial effects on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effects of ganirelix, a GnRH receptor antagonist, on bladder function and detrusor overactivity (DO) in female rats. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Female Sprague-Dawl
The aim of this study is to extend the traffic safety assessment concept to also include normal road user behaviour, thus not only exceptional behaviours such as accidents and serious conflicts. The goal is to provide a framework for a more thorough description and analysis of safety related road user behaviour in order to better understand the traffic safety processes. The traffic safety process
The use of topographical data in hydrological and agricultural applications has increased with GPS data availability and the concept of precision agriculture. This thesis investigates the relationships between topography and in one case simulated soil moisture and in the other case yield. The yield was recorded with a new optical sensor, which uses a digital camera to detect objects and records th
We present a synthesis of the results of a multiproxy, multisite, palaeoecological study of Holocene environmental change in Kamchatka, Far East Russia, details of which are presented elsewhere in the volume. We summarise the results of the analyses of pollen, diatom, chironomid, and testate amoebae assemblages, together with stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon, and sediment characteristics from
Reconstructions of palaeomagnetic secular variation (PSV) in sediment cores can be compared to well-dated regional PSV master curves to infer deposition age. The existing PSV master curve for Fennoscandia, "Fennostack" (Snowball et al., 2007), is limited to the past 10 ka. In this study, we construct a deglacial (for the interval 14-11 ka) PSV master curve for Fennoscandia by including data from a
The relative complexity of the mechanisms underlying savanna ecosystem dynamics, in comparison to other biomes such as temperate and tropical forests, challenges the representation of such dynamics in ecosystem and Earth system models. A realistic representation of processes governing carbon allocation and phenology for the two defining elements of savanna vegetation (namely trees and grasses) may
Deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) carry out the rate-determining step in the nucleoside salvage pathway within all domains of life where the pathway is present, and, hence, are an indication on whether or not a species/genus retains the ability to salvage deoxyribonucleosides. Here, a phylogenetic tree is constructed for the thymidine kinase 2-like dNK gene family in metazoa. Each enzyme class (d
