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The recently isolated anaerobic bacterium Caloramator boliviensis with an optimum growth temperature of 60°C can efficiently convert hexoses and pentoses into ethanol. When fermentations of pure sugars and a pentose-rich sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate were carried out in a packed bed reactor with immobilized cells of C. boliviensis, more than 98% of substrates were converted. Ethanol yields of 0.40
Creating innovations that successfully meet societal challenges on a grand scale involves great vision, great ideas and great execution. While coming up with a plethora of ideas is undoubtedly critical to innovation, many individuals, teams and organizations are lacking insight into how to practically move forward beyond the great idea without losing touch with the overall vision. This article des
In the present study, we aim at relating Forbes' remarkable paper on "The lake as a microcosm", published 125 years ago, to the present status of knowledge in our own research group. Hence, we relate the observations Forbes made to our own microcosm, Lake Krankesjon in southern Sweden, that has been intensively studied by several research groups for more than three decades. Specifically, we focus
Different slope algorithms can result in totally different estimates. In the worst case, this may lead to inappropriate and useless modelling estimates. A frequent lack of awareness when choosing algorithms justifies a thorough comparison of their characteristics, making it possible for researchers to select an algorithm which is optimal for their purpose. In this study, eight frequently used slop
Context. The structures of the outer atmospheres of red giants are very complex. Recent interpretations of a range of different observations have led to contradictory views of these regions. It is clear, however, that classical model photospheres are inadequate to describe the nature of the outer atmospheres. The notion of large optically thick molecular spheres around the stars (MOLspheres) has b
Arterial stiffness reflects the ageing processes in the vascular system, and studies have shown an association between reduced cognitive function and cerebral small vessel disease. Small vessel disease can be visualized as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunar infarcts but also as cerebral microbleeds on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to investigate if arterial stiffnes
The current study empirically demonstrates the widely discussed gap between copyright law and social norms. Theoretically founded in the sociology of law, the study uses a well-defined concept of norms to quantitatively measure changes in the strength of social norms before and after the implementation of legislation. The ‘IPRED law’ was implemented in Sweden on 1 April 2009, as a result of the EU
The stomatal index (a measure of stomatal density) of an extinct Australian Early Jurassic araucariacean conifer species, Allocladus helgei Jansson, is used to reconstruct the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (pCO(2)) in the Early Jurassic. The fossil leaves are preserved in a single bed, palynologically dated to late Pliensbachian (similar to 185-183 Mya). Atmospheric pCO(2) is estimated
The drive to gain a better understanding of how diseases arise and how to provide ever-earlier detection are some of the key factors for the development of molecular imaging. Compared to other imaging modalities ultrasound has not received the same attention for molecular imaging mainly due to its limited contrast resolution, together with contrast agents confined to the intravascular space. To ov
Popular Abstract in Swedish Interdisciplinära smärtrehabiliteringsprogram har visat bättre resultat än mindre intensiva åtgärder. Det saknas dock kunskap inom flera olika områden. Denna avhandling har bland annat fokuserat vilka aktivitetsproblem som personer som genomgått ett sådant program upplever viktigast att förbättra. Alla deltagarna i programmet hade långvarig muskuloskeltal smärta med komMultidisciplinary pain rehabilitation programmes are found decreasing pain and improve back-to-work rates. There is, however, a lack of knowledge in several respects. The overall aim of this thesis was to study outcomes in terms of occupational performance, satisfaction with performance, psychosocial functioning, disability, and coping profiles at a one-year follow-up after a musculoskeletal pain
Many bird species are able to replace accidentally lost feathers out of the normal moulting periods, but whether such replaced feathers are able to restore the original mechanical properties of the plumage has not been evaluated before. In this study we analysed the structure and mechanical behaviour of the original and replaced feathers of 12 blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla. Replaced feathers showed
We report on RF characterization of vertical, 100-nm-gate length InAs nanowire MOSFETs, utilizing wrap-gate technology and Al2O3 high-kappa gate oxide. The transistors show f(t)=5.6 GHz and f(max)=22 GHz, mainly limited by parasitic capacitances. The RF device performance is described using a hybrid-pi model taking hole generation at the drain into account. Electrostatic modeling of the parasitic
Severe IgE-mediated allergic reactions to penicillins are rare but might be fatal. Because some studies demonstrated a high risk of cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins and carbapenems it has been recommended to avoid these antibiotics in patients with suspected hypersensitivity to penicillins. However, recent studies and analyses conclude that the risk of cross-reactivity was overestimated in the
