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Reuse is becoming one of the key areas in dealing with the cost and quality of software systems. An important issue is the reliability of the components, hence making certification of software components a critical area. The objective of this article is to try to describe methods that can be used to certify and measure the ability of software components to fulfil the reliability requirements place
A methodology for developing software intensive systems denoted Cleanroom Software Engineering is presented. The methodology has been developed at IBM and Software Engineering Technology (SET) in the USA, and is currently being adapted and applied to the field of telecommunications by Q-Labs.The main objective of Cleanroom is to introduce a set of management and engineering techniques which shall
Understandability of the current system is a key issue in most reengineering processes. An architecture description of the system may increase its understandability. This paper presents experiences from architectural design recovery in a product family of large distributed, embedded systems. Automated recovery tools were hard to apply due to the nature of the source code. A qualitative evaluation
There are several suggestions regarding the definition of the term software architecture. Yet discussions concerning the subject are ambiguous. This leads to unclear discussions and slow scientific progress. This paper suggests a coherent set of properties a Taxonomy of Orthogonal Properties of Software Architecture (TOPSA) that enables more precise communication within the software architecture d
The popularization of parallelism is arguably the most fundamental computing challenge for years to come. We present an approach where parallel programming takes place in a restricted (sub-Turing-complete), logic-based declarative language, embedded in Java. Our logic-based language, PQL, can express the parallel elements of a computing task, while regular Java code captures sequential elements. T
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is multivariate disease, clustered with socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors. Investigations about epidemiology estimative could be a prevention strategy. Aim: to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in adult population in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (PE-Brazil). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a representa
Floral scent is a crucial trait for pollinator attraction. Yet only a handful of studies have estimated selection on scent in natural populations and no study has quantified the relative importance of pollinators and other agents of selection. In the fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea, we used electroantennographic data to identify floral scent compounds detected by local pollinators and quantifi
Background: There is an ongoing discussion on whether routinely patch testing with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 1.0% pet. is safe, owing to the risk of patch test sensitization. Late-appearing patch test reactions may reflect patch test sensitization, but may also be attributable to a low degree of pre-existing sensitization. Objectives: To follow the positive patch test reactions to PPD and its salt
Background: Home care service (HCS) for sick children is a complex healthcare service, which can be organised in various models. Despite the possibility to support family everyday life, the accessibility and utilisation may still be limited. The aim of this study was to (i) determine characteristics in referrals to county-based HCS, (ii) determine characteristics of referred children and (iii) ass
This essay, and the speical issue it introduces, seeks to explore leadership in a post-truth age, focusing in particular on the types of narratives and counter-narratives that characterize it and at times dominate it. We first examine the factors that are often held responsible for the rise of post-truth in politics, including the rise of relativist and postmodernist ideas, dishonest leaders and b
This article explores the process of the formalisation of the Swedish financial market, through an analysis of commercial bank lending in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The analysis shows that the incorporation of Swedish business around the turn of the century led to a shift from lending primarily backed by name security to an increased use of mortgage and shares as collateral -
Aim: Fentanyl pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are lacking in preterm infants. Our aim was to study these and their relation with a new formulation of fentanyl 5 μg/mL for procedural pain. Methods: Preterm infants were given 0.5 (n = 20, median gestational age 26.5; range 23.3–34.1 weeks) and 2 μg/kg (n = 8, 27.4; 25.3–30.7 weeks) fentanyl, respectively, before skin-breaking procedures or tra
In her chapter, Karlsson explores the mainstream media reception of three mainly digital Swedish campaigns against sexual violence between 2010-2013: ##prataomdet/talkaboutit, #mörkertalet/the darkfigures, and #fatta/getit. She traces the ways in which the campaign lines of contention and the campaign testimonies are re-framed for new audiences by mainstream media. By mainly investigating headlin
In this study we investigate the efficiency of peridynamics to reproduce results from molecular dynamic simulations of nanoindentation of thin single-crystal fcc copper layers by calibration of material parameters in the peridynamic model. The free-ware LAMMPS supports both molecular dynamic and peridynamics approaches, and has been used as the common framework. Nanoindentation response for two di
Molecular dynamics simulations of nano-sized beams with square cross sections of single-crystal Cu, solid as well as holding defects and loaded in displacement controlled tension until rupture have been performed. The defects are either edge crack-like or through-the-thickness voids. Three different cross section sizes and two different crystallographic orientations have been investigated. As expe
