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Aim: Many species are showing distribution shifts in response to environmental change. We explored (a) the effects of inter-annual variation in winter weather conditions on non-breeding distributional abundance of waterbirds exploiting different habitats (deep-water, shallow water, farmland) and (b) the long-term shift in the population centroid of these species and investigate its link to changes
There is currently a lack of representative, systematic and harmonised greenhouse gas (GHG) observations covering the variety of natural and human-altered biomes that occur in Africa. This impedes the long-term assessment of the drivers of climate change, in addition to their impacts and feedback loops at the continental scale, but also limits our understanding of the contribution of the African c
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation can be curative in patients with hematological malignancies but carries a significant risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). There are no standard treatments for steroid-refractory (SR) gastrointestinal (GI) acute GvHD (aGvHD). This multicenter, international, retrospective medical record review aimed to evaluate the off-label use of vedolizumab, a
During the last two centuries, Finland has undergone a dramatic transformation: from one of Europe’s poorer and more peripheral countries, to a fast-growing high-tech economy. Finland has proven successful in reaping the benefits of openness to trade by moving up the value-added ladder. The country went from being a supplier in furs and tar in the pre-industrial era, to industrializing by exportin
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital disease where the patients suffer from macrocytic anemia due to reduced numbers of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow. Most patients carry mutations in ribosomal proteins, such as ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19), which causes deficient ribosome biogenesis and affects protein translation. Ribosomal protein mutations also cause increased apoptosi
Since industrialization, Sweden has experienced an amazing growth trajectory. In 1850, Sweden was a quite poor and peripheral country, with GDP levels close to the world’s average. One and a half centuries later, Sweden ranks among the richest countries in the world with GDP levels more than three times the world’s average (Schön 2013). Yet apart from a few case studies and some industry studies,
This paper reports an investigation of a highly stratified methanol direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engine with a high compression ratio. The effects of the start of injection (SOI), spray-included angle, injection pressure, and spark timing (ST) on in-cylinder flow, fuel distribution, flame propagation, and engine performance are evaluated in detail. The combustion process of methanol DISI
Reliable tools for fracture risk assessment are necessary to handle the challenge with an aging population and the increasing occurrence of bone fractures. As it is currently difficult to measure local damage parameters experimentally, computational models could be used to provide insight into how cortical bone microstructure and material properties contribute to the fracture resistance. In this s
Retinal ischemia remains a major cause of blindness in the world with few acute treatments available. Recent emphasis on retinal vasculature and the ophthalmic artery's vascular properties after ischemia has shown an increase in vasoconstrictive functionality, as previously observed in cerebral arteries following stroke. Specifically, endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor-mediated vasoconstriction regulate
Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) availability depend on the breakdown of soil polymers such as lignin, chitin, and protein that represent the major fraction of soil C and N but are too large for immediate uptake by plants and microorganisms. Microorganisms may adjust the production of enzymes targeting different polymers to optimize the balance between C and N availability and demand, and for inst
Today plant-based alternatives to animal-agricultural products are made available or developed alongside ‘cultured’ meat, and products utilising genetic modification. To proponents, this signifies the emergence of ‘cellular agriculture’ as a food-production field or the possibility of a ‘post-animal bioeconomy’: a way to safely and sustainably produce animal products without animals. Drawing on pr
Background: Novel efficacious treatments with long-term tolerability are needed for transplant-ineligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. This phase 2 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of all-oral ixazomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (ICd) followed by single-agent ixazomib maintenance. Patients and methods: Patients were randomised (1:1) to receive 4.0 mg of ixazomib, 3
Most land-living organisms regularly experience dehydration. In nature, one commonly applied strategy to protect against this osmotic stress is to introduce small polar molecules with low vapor pressure, commonly called osmolytes. Two examples of naturally occurring small polar compounds are urea and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which are known to have counteracting effects on protein stability.
The outer layer of the skin, stratum corneum (SC) is an efficient transport barrier and it tolerates mechanical deformation. At physiological conditions, the majority of SC lipids are solid, while the presence of a small amount of fluid lipids is considered crucial for SC barrier and material properties. Here we use solid-state and diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance to characterize the compositi
