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This exploratory study presents an objective and consistent approach for assessing forest structure across multiple European countries, focusing on the distributions of tree species and tree diameter at breast height (DBH) as assessed by European National Forest Inventories (NFIs) and one landscape inventory. We distinguish six structural classes, ranging from mono-specific plots with a narrow (re
Introduction – Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) may develop after SARS-CoV-2 infection and cause a wide range of symptoms that can persist for years. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, including dysregulation of the complement system. Methods – In this study, we analysed markers of complement activation in a cohort of patients with PASC, up to 33 months after the ini
Background: The participation of nurse leaders in decision-making has been described as vital for healthcare organisations. However, their involvement in health policy-making is still suboptimal and their contribution is frequently unnoticed. This study aimed to understand the contribution of nurse leaders in decision and policy-making during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform future health crisis ma
Breast density, defined as the proportion of breast tissue composed of dense fibroglandular tissue, is a crucial factor in assessing breast cancer risk and significantly impacts the visibility of lesions during mammography screening. We focus on distinguishing between high and low breast density by fine-tuning deep neural networks and on our joint deep and sparse approximation methodology. We eval
Urban vegetation is a critical nature-based solution for mitigating the urban heat island effect, yet its cooling efficacy on road surfaces varies spatially due to differences in vegetation type, structure, and local urban morphology. This study investigates the spatially varying nonlinear cooling effects of differentiated street greenery, including trees, shrubs, and grass, on land surface temper
Trace elements are persistent contaminants that enter bee diets through pollen, nectar, soil-derived particles and atmospheric deposition, yet field-based exposure data for pollinator taxa remain limited. We examined 18 trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, U, V, Zn) in pollen stored by managed western honey bees (Apis mellifera), buff-tailed bumble bees (Bomb
Background: Policy implications are seldom more than a paragraph or two at the end of empirical papers. The aim was therefore to explore social determinants of mental health across life through qualitative analysis of meta-synthesis of empirical publications from a 27-year school-leaver cohort. From the actionable empirical results, we suggest policies for primary prevention aimed at equitable men
Incretins such as glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) play crucial roles in postprandial glucose management. Glucagon-like-peptide 1 and GIP stimulate insulin release in conjunction with meals and are responsible for up to 75% of the insulin secretion. Incretins are therefore very important for maintenance of normal blood glucose levels. Dairy foo
Parametric uncertainty can hinder land surface models (LSM) from accurately simulating carbon fluxes, such as gross primary production (GPP). These models generally cannot capture inter–annual variability (IAV) of fluxes well due to missing processes, and temporally varying parameters can partially alleviate this limitation. We evaluated this assumption using two models: a light-use efficiency (LU
Sweden faces persistent affordable housing shortages while simultaneously experiencing elevated office vacancy rates. Given that the building sector accounts for roughly one third of global energy demand and two fifths of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, adaptive reuse presents a promising strategy for mitigating emissions while addressing housing needs. This study investigated the greenho
Accurate mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) in mountainous forests is essential for carbon stock assessment and ecological management, yet remains challenging due to the difficulty of linking local high-precision observations with regionally continuous coverage. To address this issue, we developed a hierarchical framework integrating local reference construction, UAV–GEDI bridging, footprint-lev
Objectives: Causes of pharyngotonsillitis in Africa, beyond Streptococcus pyogenes, are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the prevalence of S. pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Streptococcus dysgalacatiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) in children in The Gambia and evaluate the usefulness of clinical decision rules, originally developed for S. pyogenes or beta-haemolytic streptococci,
Background: Target volume and organ of interest (OOI) contouring and treatment planning for IDH-mutated gliomas CNS WHO grades 2 and 3 are subject to interindividual variation. We aimed to assess this variation and heighten delineation awareness as a quality assurance measure in the PRO-GLIO trial. Methods: Five experts established consensus delineations for target volumes and defined OOI in two I
Background: Wearables increasingly quantify mobility after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but local joint inflammation is still evaluated intermittently. It is unknown whether the interaction between knee temperature and free-living activity predicts recovery. Objectives: To determine whether early thermo-mobility coupling (TMC), defined as the temporal relationship between peri-patellar skin temp
Detecting small leakages in thermodynamic cooling systems is a critical challenge in modern industrial applications, particularly in large-scale systems such as HVDC installations. Even minor leakages can reduce efficiency, increase energy consumption, and lead to higher maintenance costs. Detecting small leakages is difficult, because of complex system behavior, measurement noise, and natural var
As the energy sector transitions towards more sustainable forms of energy production, classical Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) increasingly struggles with the bottle- necks of simulating high complexity turbulent flows. While quantum computing (QC) theoretically offers an exponential speedup for large-scale linear systems, current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware lacks the erro
AimEnvironmental factors such as air pollution have been linked to cognitive function decline. Indoor moldy odor, a common air quality issue, may exacerbate cognitive deterioration in older adults via behavioral and physiological mechanisms. This study systematically examined the association between indoor moldy odor exposure and cognitive function among older adults in China.MethodsData were obta
Aims Surgeon and patient reluctance to participate are potential significant barriers to conducting placebo-controlled trials of orthopaedic surgery. Understanding the preferences of orthopaedic surgeons and patients regarding the design of randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT-Ps) of knee procedures can help to identify what RCT-P features will lead to the greatest participation. This informa
Objectives To determine development of new and worsening meniscal damage over 5 years after acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury comparing rehabilitation plus early ACL reconstruction (’early-ACLR’) versus rehabilitation with optional delayed ACL reconstruction (’optional-delayed-ACLR’). Methods We used knee MRIs from the only randomised controlled trial in the field including 121 young a
