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The human immune system is influenced by factors such as sex hormones, chromosomes, age, infections, and the environment, leading to distinct immune profiles between individuals and between sexes. Females typically mount stronger immune responses, increasing protection against infections but also susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Testosterone, acting through the androgen receptor (AR), is a k
The field of cancer immunology is complex and diverse. In the case of breast cancer, recent advances indicate a prognostic relevance of the lymph node resident subcapsular sinus macrophage (CD169+ macrophages). Depending on the location of its presence, it is correlated with either an improved or worsened prognosis. Remarkably, these CD169+ macrophages display the function of aiding B cell activat
Pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes have evolved different mechanisms to evade host immune defenses, primarily through the expression of virulence factors. Among these, the Streptococcal nuclease A (SpnA), a cell wall-associated protein, is important in bacterial pathogenesis. SpnA hydrolyzes host DNA present within neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), therefore helping bacteria t
Most pre-clinical models fail to reliably predict the effects of immunotherapeutic drugs intended for treatment of cancer. A major limitation is their inability to reliably model the tumor microenvironment (TME), a complex and essential component of tumor resistance to treatment. Patient-derived tumor models, like precision-cut tumor slices (PCTS), preserve the tumor architecture and capture the c
Purpose: To investigate how the nation brand and country-of-origin of China jointly influence the European consumers’ perceptions towards Chinese smartphone brands. The reputation of Chinese smartphone brands in Europe is shaped by European consumers' concerns about China's national image over their global success and technological advancements. Hence, this study focuses on how these perce
Invasive species can cause serious damage to ecosystems and built-up structures. “Japanese knotweed” is one of the most problematic invasive plant species in Scania. It has spread in a fast and uncontrollable manner throughout the years, and major efforts are being made to decrease its extension and further spread. Once established, it's difficult to exterminate without causing environmental h
Unlike most bacteria, Streptomyces grows by extending branching hyphae, forming a mycelium that resembles fungal growth more than typical prokaryotic behaviour. This growth strategy leads to questions about how bacteria control cell shape, polarity, and development in a multicellular context. While many regulatory systems involved in Streptomyces development have been described, others remain poor
Bakgrund: Distriktssköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete är centralt i den kommunala primärvården och påverkas av organisatoriska förutsättningar samt krav och förväntningar från patienter, anhöriga och verksamhet. Dessa faktorer kan inverka på arbetsmiljön och upplevelsen av meningsfullhet i yrkesrollen. Syfte: Att undersöka distriktssköterskors erfarenheter på deras hälsofrämjande arbete inom kommun
This essay examines how the parish churches of Nättraby and Hjortsberga in central Blekinge changed during the latter part of the 17th century, as well as how the churches’ material properties as standing history were handled by the parishioners. Blekinge became part of Sweden in 1658 and the Swedish crown founded a large naval base in the churches’ vicinity soon after. Both churches went through
Malaria remains a great public health concern, with an estimated 263 million cases and 597,000 estimated deaths in 2023. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are currently the first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but the emergence of resistant parasites is threatening their efficacy. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pfk13
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to critically investigate how automotive companies reposition in relation to electrification on the market, and how the different types of repositioning affect the current customers. Methodology: This research paper uses a qualitative case study approach to explore how Jaguar, Kia, and BMW reposition their brand identities in response to electrification. Secon
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to notable difficulties with one’s movement. Among different treatment options, stem cell replacement therapies have been recognized as an option to not only treat disease symptoms but to address its underlying cause- neuronal degeneration. This can be achieved throug
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer types and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the lung is the second most common histological subtype of lung cancer and the most prevalent in smokers. It is aggressive and hard to treat due to a lack of identified driver mutations and unresponsiveness to treatment. Finding new targeted therapies for SqCC is
Bakgrund: Det finns många olika sätt att beskriva en mångbesökare men gemensamt är att de söker ofta sjukvård mer än andra patienter. Redan år 1954 uppmärksammades det att en liten grupp patienter tog upp en stor del av primärvårdens tid och de kan utgöra upp till 40–50 % av alla vårdbesök. Mångbesökarna är en komplex patientgrupp som ofta har flera kroniska sjukdomar, psykologiska eller sociala p
