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Justitiedepartementet publicerade ett utkast till lagrådsremiss den 24 september 2025 som kompletterar SOU 2025:11 där det föreslås att straffbarhetsåldern i Sverige ska sänkas till 13 år vid allvarliga brott. FN:s barnrättskommitté har i sina allmänna kommentarer uppmuntrat Sverige att behålla straffbarhetsåldern på 15 år samt uttalat att de anser att system med undantag från den standardiserade On the 24th of September 2025, the Ministry of justice in Sweden published a draft legislative referral that supplements SOU 2025:11, which proposes lowering the age of criminal responsibility to 13 years for serious offences. The CRC has, in its general comments, encouraged Sweden to maintain the age of criminal responsibility at 15 years. They have also stated that systems allowing exceptions t

When applying Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithms which utilizes Gaussian processes (GP) models, several components can be adapted to suit different systems and optimization objectives. In this paper, we explore and evaluate a set of such modifications to tailor the algorithm for a high-pressure grinding rolls (HPGR) system. The system is represented by a steady-state simulator modeling the HPGR

Vårdgivares förståelse av psykiatriska tillstånd har föreslagits hänga samman med deras stigma gentemot personer med sådana tillstånd. Detta stigma kan yttra sig genom förminskande beteenden, uteslutning från beslutsprocesser och försämrade terapeutiska relationer. Denna uppsats undersöker huruvida det finns en relation mellan psykiatrisk profession, attributionella ramverk och stigma gentemot perMental health professionals’ understanding of psychiatric conditions has been proposed to relate to their stigma toward individuals with such diagnoses. Such stigma may manifest through dismissive behavior, exclusion from decision-making and weakened therapeutic relationships. This thesis investigates whether psychiatric profession, attributional frameworks, and stigma toward ADHD, anxiety disorde

This study investigates, through the lens of the humanistic vita with its historiobiographical structure, how Claes Örnhielm, in Vita Ponti de la Gardie, formulates a systematic response to contemporary accusations concerning the legitimacy of the De la Gardie family’s noble origins. Through an integrated examination of the work’s frontispiece, genealogical diagram, textual genealogy and wider nar

This thesis explores the difference between how moral realists and moral error theorists relate to moral intuitions in metaethical theory building. While moral realists claim Moorean arguments in their favour, arguments based around a highly intuitive Moorean premise, error theorists claim that a moral premise being intuitive is not the same as it being true. Error theorists use debunking argument

Rapid population growth, climate variability, and limited hydrogeological data create uncertainty for groundwater decisions in Rwanda. Kadiridimba catchment was selected as a case study to develop a groundwater model, test what can be concluded under these constraints, and identify the measurements that most strengthen confidence in the results and assumptions. The aim was to develop and evaluate

The inefficacy problem refers to the paradox in collective harm problems where effects of individual actions appear too small to make a moral difference, albeit aggregated they cause great harm. This thesis will argue that the inefficacy problem derives its strength from the thought experiments commonly used to theorize, structure and understand the collective harm problem of climate change. By re

Molecular “muscle” fibres built from light-driven motors promise controllable, contractile soft materials, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms causing macroscopic motion remain elusive, hindering effective design and tuning. Here, we develop a multiscale simulation workflow that connects atomistic chemistry to supramolecular mechanics across single molecules, fibres, and multi-fibre assemblies

Offentlig upphandling utgör en betydande del av Sveriges ekonomi och regleras både nationellt och unionsrättsligt i syfte att säkerställa likabehandling, öppenhet och fungerande konkurrens. Samtidigt kan det uppstå behov av flexibilitet i avtalsförhållandet, särskilt vad gäller ekonomiska villkor. Denna spänning hanteras i 17 kap. LOU och artikel 72 i LOU-direktivet, som tillåter ändringar under fPublic procurement constitutes a significant part of the Swedish economy and is regulated both nationally and by EU law, aiming to ensure equal treatment, transparency, and effective competition. Still, there can be need for flexibility within contractual relationships, particularly regarding financial terms. This tension is addressed in Chapter 17 of the Public Procurement Act (LOU) and Article 7

Vid företagsförvärv är det vanligt att avtalssigneringen och tillträdet sker som två separata moment en viss tid från varandra. En viktig anledning till denna uppdelning är att det ofta föreligger lagkrav som måste vara upp-fyllda innan tillträdet, exempelvis att företagsöverlåtelsen ska godkännas av Konkurrensverket eller av bolagsstämman. Detta medför dock risker för köparen. Vem ska bära ansvarIn company acquisitions, it is common for the signing of the agreement and the transfer of ownership to take place as two separate steps at different times. A major reason for this division is that there are often legal require-ments that must be met before the transfer of ownership can occur, such as the transfer having to be approved by the Swedish Competition Authority or by the company general

Cannabis är en av de mest använda psykoaktiva substanserna i världen och har en lång historia av ceremoniellt bruk som växtmedicin i olika kulturer. På senare år har forskning visat att cannabis kan framkalla psykedeliska tillstånd liknande sådana som medierar den terapeutiska effekterna hos klassiska psykedeliska substanser såsom psilocybin, LSD och ayahuasca. Detta väcker frågor om de långsiktigCannabis is among the most widely used psychoactive substances worldwide and has a long history of ceremonial use as plant medicine across cultures. Recent research indicates that cannabis can, under som circumstances, induce psychedelic states similar to those mediating the therapeutic effects of classical psychedelics. This raises questions about the lasting psychological impact and psychotherap

This thesis investigates how formal, national-level institutional factors shape the translation of R&D inputs into marketable innovation outputs in high- and medium-high-technology (HMHT) manufacturing. Focusing on Sweden’s persistent “innovation paradox”, high R&D intensity but comparatively modest commercialization—the study examines three institutional dimensions: domestic value added (

Den tekniska utvecklingen inom artificiell intelligens har under senare år gjort det möjligt att skapa digitala imitationer av en persons utseende eller röst med en hög grad av realism. Dessa så kallade deepfakes har använts i skiftande sammanhang, från underhållning till desinformation och integritetskränkande spridning av syntetiskt material. Den ökade tillgängligheten till generativ teknik har Rapid developments in artificial intelligence have enabled the creation of realistic digital imitations of a person’s appearance or voice, known as deep- fakes. These imitations raise significant concerns for personal integrity, particularly for private individuals who lack effective means to prevent the dissemination of manipulated material. This thesis examines whether Swedish intellectual prope

The subject of this work is the simulation of photoemission spectra of simple metals. The simulation is performed using a model based on a dynamical exchange correlation potential. Angle-resolved photoemission spectra at the Γ point, and valence band photoemission spectra are simulated for Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Al and Si. The predicted bandwidths show good agreement with experimental results, wit

A foreign individual who is considered an expert, researcher or otherwise an important person (nyckelperson) may currently be covered by what is commonly referred to as the expert tax rules (expertskattereglerna). Individuals who receive remuneration above a certain level are also subject to these rules. Under these rules, certain benefits qualify as tax-free as well as a part of the renumeration

With the adoption of the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, the European Union (EU) and its Member States are encouraged to cooperate with third States through informal agreements, notably in the form of Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs). These arrangements form a central component of the EU’s externalisation strategy, shifting its borders outwards and thereby limiting the circumstances under which

I denna uppsats undersöks hur upphovsrättsliga avtal bör tolkas enligt den avkunnade dom som presenterades i referatet NJA 2025 s. 162, ”Deckarserien”. De centrala frågorna som behandlas i uppsatsen är hur specifikationsprincipen har tillämpats tidigare och om Deckarserien innebär något nytt för hur upphovsrättsliga avtal bör tolkas eller om rättsfallet endast innebär ett förtydligande av gällandeThis thesis examines how copyright agreements should be interpreted in light of the Swedish Supreme Court’s judgment in NJA 2025 p. 162, Deckarserien. The central questions that the thesis explores are how the specification principle previously has been applied in Swedish courts and whether Deckarserien introduced anything new regarding the interpretation of copyright agreements, or whether the ca

Visselblåsning innebär att en person slår larm om missförhållanden inom en verksamhet. I svensk rätt regleras skyddet för visselblåsare i lagen (2021:890) om skydd för personer som rapporterar om missförhållanden. Lagen innehåller en särskild regel om bevisbörda som medför en bevislättnad för visselblåsaren. Uppsatsen undersöker (i) vilket skydd som tillhandahålls i visselblåsarlagen och på vilketWhistleblowing refers to situations in which an individual raises the alarm about wrongdoing within an organisation. In Swedish law, the protection af-forded to whistleblowers is regulated by the Whistleblower Protection Act (2021:890). The Act contains a specific rule on the burden of proof that pro-vides a lighter burden of proof for the whistleblower. This thesis examines (i) the scope of the p