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The thesis explores the migration experiences of Syrian refugees who arrived in Sweden and Denmark by crossing the Mediterranean Sea in small, precarious boats. It aims to illuminate how these refugees managed the risks they faced during their journey to Europe and the meanings they associated with these risks. The research focuses on the socio-cultural and individual contexts within which risk is

Myeloid cells, such as monocytes, are central in the immune response to infections. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the inflammatory response to Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC). To explore the ability of GPACs to induce monocyte activation, we compared two GPAC species, Parvimonas micra and Peptoniphilus harei, with E. coli, a major cause of bloodstream infections. We stimulated w

Background and Aim: Central venous catheters are vital in the peri- and postoperative period for patients undergoing abdominal surgery but are associated with risks such as catheter related infections. Signs of infection, like tenderness and induration at the insertion site, are important to recognize, as they may precede catheter-related infections, but are often neglected. The aim was to compare

A carbon starvation-responding lac fusion of the marine Vibrio sp. strain S14 was used as a reporter strain in order to identify genes critical in the regulation of the carbon starvation response. Interestingly, sequence data together with an altered phenotype with respect to the accumulation of guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate (ppGpp) imply that one of the genes (csrS) identified by this approach

The physiological status of carbon-starved cells of the marine Vibrio sp. strain S14 has been investigated by the analysis of their immediate response to carbon and energy sources. During the first minute after glucose addition to 48-h-starved cells, the pools of ATP and GTP increased rapidly, and the [ATP]/[ADP] ratio reached the level typical for growing cells within 4 min. The total rates of RN

In order to evaluate the role of the stringent response in starvation adaptations of the marine Vibrio sp. strain S14, we have cloned the relA gene and generated relaxed mutants of this organism. The Vibrio relA gene was selected from a chromosomal DNA library by complementation of an Escherichia coli ΔrelA strain. The nucleotide sequence contains a 743-codon open reading frame that encodes a poly

Carbon starvation induces the development of a starvation- and stress- resistant cell state in marine Vibrio sp. strain S14 (CCUG 15956). The starved cells remain highly responsive to nutrients during prolonged starvation and exhibit instantaneous severalfold increases in the rates of protein synthesis and RNA synthesis when substrate is added. In order to elucidate the physiological basis for the

The response of marine Vibrio sp. strain S14 (CCUG 15956) to long-term (48-h) multiple-nutrient starvation (i.e., starvation for glucose, amino acids, ammonium, and phosphate simultaneously) can be described as a three-phase process. The first phase, defined as the stringent control phase, encompasses an accumulation of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and decreases in RNA and prote

The Alzheimer’s Association and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging convened a multidisciplinary workgroup to update appropriate use criteria (AUC) for amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and to develop AUC for tau PET. Methods: The workgroup identified key research questions that guided a systematic literature review on clinical amyloid/tau PET. Building on this review, t

Methanol can be produced renewably and used in compression ignition (CI) engines as a replacement for fossil diesel. However, methanol is a low cetane fuel, creating challenges in achieving stable operation, particularly at low load. One potential solution is through surface ignition via a glow plug. In this work, experiments were conducted on a methanol-fueled 2.1 L single cylinder engine instrum

Context. Terrestrial exoplanets orbiting nearby small cool stars, known as M dwarfs, are well suited for an atmospheric characterisation. Because the intense X-ray and UV (XUV) irradiation from M dwarf host stars is strong, orbiting exoplanets are thought to be unable to retain primordial hydrogen- or helium-dominated atmospheres. However, it is currently unknown whether heavier secondary atmosphe

The mycobacterial outer membrane is composed of unusual lipids and glycolipids. Some of these lipids are exported to the cell envelope by resistance-nodulation-division (RND) transporters called mycobacterial membrane protein large (MmpL). While the oligomeric state of most RND transporters is well established, MmpL assembly remains unclear. Here, we investigated MmpL10, the trehalose polyphleate

Introduction: Migration is an increasing phenomenon and associated with a physical and psychosocial burden on individuals. Little is known about migration and skin health. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients regarding migration background and dermatological morbidity among adults seen in a dermatological out-patient clinic in Malmö, Sweden. Methods: An obser

INTRODUCTION: As people age, frailty becomes increasingly prevalent and is associated with adverse outcomes, including higher risks of hospitalisation, institutionalisation and mortality. Early identification of frailty in ambulance and emergency department (ED) settings may support clinical decision-making and help predict outcomes for older patients. However, there is currently no consensus on h