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AbstractObjective To evaluate and compare benefits and harms of three biological treatments with different modes of action versus active conventional treatment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Design Investigator initiated, randomised, open label, blinded assessor, multiarm, phase IV study. Setting Twenty nine rheumatology departments in Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, the Netherland
Background: Distal radius fractures can adversely affect wrist function; for men with this fracture, the role played by fracture severity, age and osteoporosis on fracture outcome has not been sufficiently studied. Objective: To describe patient-reported outcome and the association with bone integrity, fracture severity and future fracture risk among young and older men with distal radius fracture
Biomarkers have revolutionized scientific research on neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer’s disease, transformed drug trial design, and are also increasingly improving patient management in clinical practice. A few key cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been robustly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Several novel biomarkers are very promising, especially blood-based mar
Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography is a quantitative three-dimensional imaging technique offered to users of multiple synchrotron radiation sources. Its dependence on the coherent fraction of the available X-ray beam makes it perfectly suited to diffraction-limited storage rings. Although MAX IV is the first, and so far only, operating fourth-generation synchrotron light source, none of its e
Background: Response to modern treatment strategies, which combine cytotoxic compounds with immune stimulatory agents and targeted treatment is highly variable among MCL patients. Thus, providing prognostic and predictive markers for risk adapted therapy is warranted and molecular information that can help in patient stratification is a necessity. In relapsed MCL, biopsies are rarely available and
The small intestine is a specialised organ, essential for nutrient digestion and absorption. It is lined with a complex epithelial cell layer. Intestinal epithelial cells can be cultured in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds as self-organising entities with distinct domains containing stem cells and differentiated cells. Recent developments in bioengineering provide new possibilities for directing t
Importance: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation in humans worldwide. Circulating cardiovascular biomarkers could potentially improve the early detection of CHD, even in asymptomatic newborns. Objectives: To assess the performance of a dried blood spot (DBS) test to measure the cardiovascular biomarker amino terminal fragment of the prohormone brain-type natriu
A severe water scarcity challenge is facing Iraq, which is predominantly due to the absence of water management policies, negatively impacting the water quantity and quality provision from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Moreover, these practices have led to the intrusion of the Arabian Gulf salinity wedge into the Shatt Al-Arab River (SAR), which is the main water source for most water treatment
Collective motion occurs when individuals use social interaction rules to respond to the movements and positions of their neighbors. How readily these social decisions are shaped by selection remains unknown. Through artificial selection on fish (guppies, Poecilia reticulata) for increased group polarization, we demonstrate rapid evolution in how individuals use social interaction rules. Within on
There is a lack of objective evaluative standards for academic work. While this has been recognized in studies of how gatekeepers pass judgment on the works of others, little is known about how scholars deal with the uncertainty about how their work will be evaluated by gatekeepers. Building upon 35 interviews with early career academics in political science and history, this paper explores how juThere is a lack of objective evaluative standards for academic work. While this has been recognized in studies of how gatekeepers pass judgment on the works of others, little is known about how scholars deal with the uncertainty about how their work will be evaluated by gatekeepers. Building upon 35 interviews with early career academics in political science and history, this paper explores how ju
Background: The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is increasing worldwide. In Sweden, over 4600 cases were diagnosed in 2018. The prognosis after radical surgery varies considerably with tumor stage. In recent years, new treatment options have become available for metastatic CMM. Early onset of treatment seems to improve outcome, which suggests that early detection of recurrent disea
Cooper-Knock et al. identify amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk variants within non-coding regulatory DNA linked to a known ALS gene, TBK1, but also CAV1 and CAV2. Disease-associated variants reduce CAV1/CAV2 expression and disrupt membrane lipid rafts with consequences for neurotrophic signaling. CAV1 coding sequence also contains ALS-associated mutations. © 2020 The Author(s) Amyotrophic l
The invariant differential cross section of inclusive ω(782) meson production at midrapidity (| y| < 0.5) in pp collisions at s=7TeV was measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC over a transverse momentum range of 2
Quantum wells in InAs/GaSb heterostructures can be tuned to a topological regime associated with the quantum spin Hall effect, which arises due to an inverted band gap and hybridized electron and hole states. Here, we investigate electron-hole hybridization and the fate of the quantum spin Hall effect in a quasi-one-dimensional geometry, realized in a core-shell-shell nanowire with an insulator co
The first measurements of dielectron production at midrapidity (|ηe|<0.8) in proton–proton and proton–lead collisions at √sNN=5.02TeV at the LHC are presented. The dielectron cross section is measured with the ALICE detector as a function of the invariant mass mee and the pair transverse momentum pT,ee in the ranges mee<3.5 GeV/c2 and pT,ee<8 GeV/c, in both collision systems. In proton–proton coll
With the introduction of new demands targeting net-zero energy and net zero-carbon buildings and neighbourhoods on a national level in Sweden and internationally, balancing the requirements of daylight and energy is becoming more important in the design process. In order to succeed, an effective strategy needs to be defined for utilising the right digital tools and metrics for the two factors at d
Stapylococcus aureus is a common infectious agent in e.g. sepsis, associated with both high mortality rates and severe long-term effects. The cytolytic protein α-hemolysin has repeatedly been shown to enhance the virulence of S. aureus. Combined with an unhindered spread of multi drug-resistant strains, this has triggered research into novel anti virulence (i.e. anti α-hemolysin) drugs. Their func
Improvement of imaging quality has the potential to visualize previously unseen building blocks of the brain and is therefore one of the great challenges in neuroscience. Rapid development of new tissue clearing techniques in recent years have attempted to solve imaging compromises in thick brain samples, particularly for high resolution optical microscopy, where the clearing medium needs to match
The concept of circular economy has peaked in both popular and scientific discussion in the past few years. Notwithstanding, no specific definition for circularity in the context of existing buildings is available. This research details a framework of circular economy in the built environment, focusing on existing buildings. The paper employs a systematic literature review on circular economy with
