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In this article, we endeavour to find a fast solver for finite volume discretizations for compressible unsteady viscous flows. Thereby, we concentrate on comparing the efficiency of important classes of time integration schemes, namely time adaptive Rosenbrock, singly diagonally implicit (SDIRK) and explicit first stage singly diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta (ESDIRK) methods. To make the compariso
To increase the market share of hybrid vehicles within the automotive industry, it is necessary to minimize the cost increase related to the hybridization. In this context a methodology to estimate the cost of the electrical machine and transmission is developed. Insights on the selection of a cost effective electrical machine topology are provided and the benefits and disadvantages of different d
OBJECTIVE:: Early postoperative pain correlates to persisting pain, psychosocial distress, and delayed mobilization with thromboembolic and infectious complications. Electrical pain thresholds (EPT) have shown promising results in being able to predict postoperative pain, but the results are conflicting. The aim of this study was to test whether EPT levels can be used to predict postoperative pain
The purpose of this paper is threefold. Firstly, the paper introduces the One Triangle Three Parallelograms (OTTP) sampling strategy, which can be viewed as a way to index pixels from a given shape and image. Secondly, a framework for cascaded shape regression, including the OTTP sampling, is presented. In short, this framework involves binary pixel tests for appearance features combined with shap
A compact sample-scanning confocal optical microscope for detection of single impurities below the surface of a bulk crystal at cryogenic temperatures is described. The sample, lens, and scanners are mounted inside a helium bath cryostat and have a footprint of only 19 × 19 mm. Wide field imaging and confocal imaging using a Blu-ray lens immersed in liquid helium are demonstrated with excitation a
This review of the basic concepts of dose management in conventional nuclear medicine imaging and positron emission tomography focuses on methods for dose assessment, difficulties with image quality evaluation, need for clear image quality criteria and observer performance studies, studies on representative groups of patients contra individual patients, clinically applicable methods for dose reduc
Douglas-Rachford splitting and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) can be used to solve convex optimization problems that consist of a sum of two functions. Convergence rate estimates for these algorithms have received much attention lately. In particular, linear convergence rates have been shown by several authors under various assumptions. One such set of assumptions is strong
Higher availability of future climate data sets, generated by regional climate models (RCMs) with fine temporal and spatial resolutions, improves and facilitates the impact assessment of climate change. Due to significant uncertainties in climate modeling, several climate scenarios should be considered in the impact assessment. This increases the number of simulations and size of data sets, compli
The nutritional quality of infant food is an important consideration in the effort to prevent a further increase in the rate of childhood obesity. We hypothesized that the canning of composite infant meals would lead to elevated contents of carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and favor high glycemic and insulinemic responses compared with milder heat treatment conditions. We have compared composite infant
The Impact Echo method can be used to measure the thickness of concrete plate like structures. Measurements are based on the identification of a clear thickness resonance frequency which can be difficult in very thick or highly attenuative plates. In this study the detectability of the measured resonant frequency is enhanced by time domain summation of signals with different source receiver spacin
According to the fictitious crack model, the crack width is infinitely thin at crack initiation and with further loading the crack opens, but no material exists in the cohesive zone. Despite that, the crack is assumed to able to sustain a load. While this is possible at the atomic level, it is not a realistic assumption for the macroscopic behavior we are considering. Invoking the mass conservatio
A high diet quality index based on Swedish nutrition recommendations has previously been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this diet quality index was associated with the risk for type 2 diabetes. Of 26,868 participants (44-74 years) in the MDC cohort study, 3838 ty
