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This paper focuses on a comparison of German law on state liability with European state liability rules, as they have been developed through case law since Francovich. The paper is divided into three main parts. A short overview of procedural aspect explaining when and how Member States can be held liable and which remedies are available for the individual, as well as a description of the case law
Article 28 is one of the key Treaty Articles concerning the integration of national markets. But finding the right way to apply Article 28 is far from being easy, as history shows. The ECJ has not been consistent in its case law on Article 28 EC. The main problem in its approach in the application of Article 28 has been the wideness of the Dassonville-formula, which by its wording catches smallest
As the wars on the Balkans emerged in the early 1990's and continued to colour the European reality over almost a decade, a fierce debate regarding questions of guilt, necessary actions, and roads to peace was initiated. In Sweden it was not as broad and competent as in other European countries, but it did allow certain odd features in the everyday life, such as a party, 'the Sarajevo-list
It is very common nowadays to speak of an ''information society'' in which control of information or information based knowledge has replaced control over matter as an ultimate source of economic power. The intellectual creations protected through patents, trade marks, copyrights etc constitute often a huge part of the companies' intangible assets. For example, the value of the
Almost all states around the world have ratified the ICCPR and ICESCR in which the main human rights standards are stipulated. Many have accepted the other relevant international human rights instruments including CRC, CERD, CEDAW and CAT. Many have also incorporated human rights provisions in their Constitutions. Ethiopia is one of the countries that have ratified all the major human rights instr
