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Honeybees face many parasites and pathogens and consequently rely on a diverse set of individual and group-level defenses to prevent disease. The crop microbiota of Apis mellifera, composed of 13 Lactic Acid Bacterial (LAB) species within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, form a beneficial symbiotic relationship with each other and the honeybee to protect their niche and their host. Po

To study the active sites of dinuclear metallohydrolases new metal complexes that model these sites both in structure and function have been synthesized using two new phenol based dinucleating ligands, 2-(N-isopropyl-N-((2-pyridyl)methyl)aminomethyl)-6-(N-(carboxylmethyl)-N-((2-pyridyl)methyl)aminomethyl)-4-methylphenol (IPCPMP) and 2,6-Bis[N-(N-(carboxymethyl)-N-(pyridylmethyl)amine)methyl]-4-met

The system dynamics technique has been demonstrated to be a proper method by which to model and simulate the development of spatial data infrastructures (SDI). An SDI is a collaborative effort to manage and share spatial data at different political and administrative levels. It is comprised of various dynamically interacting quantitative and qualitative (linguistic) variables. To incorporate lingu

Insect pest management is a very important aspect for plant protection in crops production. Remote sensing provides a large number of techniques that are beneficial in entomological research. Although entomological radars have been used for studying migrations of insects for many years, most of entomological radar studies have been vertically tracing high-altitude migration behaviour of insects. L

Financial services sector is fundamental to economic growth and development in all advanced economies. Financial services such as banking, savings and investment, insurance, and debt and equity financing constitute a nation's economic engine by fulfilling three core functions in the economy. Firstly, these services provide financial intermediation functions between savers/investors that are lo

MAX-lab is a national synchrotron radiation facility in Lund. Nowadays, the MAX project consist of three facilities (three storage rings). A new storage ring is needed to improve material science, such as nanotechnology. MAX IV, also in Lund, will be 100 times more efficient than already existing synchrotron radiation facilities. The storage ring is controlled by a large number of magnets that are

Contemporary business trends are more and more shifting focus to the requirements of the customers. One of the most important factors for the customer is quality, both in the interface with the selling company and in the products sold. Tetra Pak is a pioneer within the packaging of diaries and food. The company has been profitable in most situations which have created a state of mind where quality

The aim of this paper is to make an investigation of how authoritative conceptual framework about immigrants as a group is being constituted in the discourse regarding Swedish language for immigrants. I will also examine what connections there are to the overarching integration discourse. While doing this I try to establish the contrasting relationship between the ?Swedishness? and ?the Other?. My

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avloppsvatten renas från fosfor för att minimera utsläppet till sjöar och hav. Näringsämnena fosfor och kväve bidrar till övergödningen i våra vatten och kan reduceras kraftigt på avloppsreningsverken. Fosforavskiljning går huvudsakligen ut på att få löst fosfat att hamna i en fast fas ? slammet, för att sedan kunna avskilja det från det renade vattnet. Bakterier som vThe idea of phosphorus removal at wastewater treatment plants is to transfer dissolved phosphorus into a solid phase. Together with the rest of the produced sludge it is then removed from the water, resulting in a decreased concentration of phosphorus in the effluent and the prevention of the eutrophication in the recipient. Phosphorus can either be stored biologically, with enhanced biological p

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Fenologi innebär studier av naturligt återkommande händelser som till exempel bladsprickning, knoppbristning och vissningen av blad. Det är viktigt att förstå hur klimatförändringen påverkar tidpunkten då dessa händelser sker eftersom det i sin tur påverkar kol-, närings- och den hydrologiska cykeln. Fältobservationer har varit den mest använda metoden för att saPhenology is the study of the timing of natural events such as leaf-out, bud burst and senescence relative to climate change. It is important to understand how the climate change will affect the timing of these events as it in turn affects the carbon-, nutrient- and the hydrological cycles. Field observations is the most common way to gather phenology data but the result is dependent on the skill

Dealing with water diffuse pollution is a major problem for watershed managers. This problem raises many complicated questions, which are important to answer in order to reach water environment protection goals. This study suggested some possible answers for the country of Lithuania. Among them were the identification of critical source areas, the identification of sensitive areas and the applicat

Economies in transition (EiTs) (e. g. Ukraine (UA), Belarus, Lithuania (LU), Moldova, etc.) face broad needs for energy security enhancement, energy diversification, revitalisation of agriculture and improvements in the state of the environment. Development of national bioenergy potentials can contribute to delivering solutions to these problems. However, EiTs face technical, political, financial,

The luminescence from single quantum dots has been studied. Single dot photoluminescence was studied under continuous as well as under pulsed excitation. Time-resolved studies revealed fast relaxations in quantum dots. The time resolved measurements were fitted with a set of rate equations. Blinking in the luminescence was observed on a few quantum dots. The polarization of the emission from singl

Concatenation of several conventional convolutional encoders is a both powerful and practical method to obtain encoding schemes that are attractive for use in communication systems where very low error probabilities are needed. This thesis is devoted to woven convolutional codes, a construction where the constituent codes are woven together in a manner that resembles the structure of a fabric. A