Sökresultat

Background If carotid artery narrowing remains asymptomatic (ie, has caused no recent stroke or other neurological symptoms), successful carotid endarterectomy (CEA) reduces stroke incidence for some years. We assessed the long-term effects of successful CEA. Methods Between 1993 and 2003, 3120 asymptomatic patients from 126 centres in 30 countries were allocated equally, by blinded minimised rand

Importance: Soft drinks are frequently consumed, but whether this consumption is associated with mortality risk is unknown and has been understudied in European populations to date.Objective: To examine the association between total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drink consumption and subsequent total and cause-specific mortality.Design, Setting, and Participants: This populatio

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that CRC should be considered a heterogeneous disease, with multiple differences between proximal and distal tumours. The immune system may, depending on the context, promote or inhibit tumour growth, and different immune cell subsets have been found to be associated with impaired or improved prognosis

Importance: Better understanding is needed of the degree to which individuals tolerate Alzheimer disease (AD)-like pathological tau with respect to brain structure (brain resilience) and cognition (cognitive resilience). Objective: To examine the demographic (age, sex, and educational level), genetic (APOE-ϵ4 status), and neuroimaging (white matter hyperintensities and cortical thickness) factors

Importance Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes have higher subsequent cardiovascular risks, but their long-term risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and potential causality are unclear. A better understanding of such risks is needed to identify women with high risk early in life and guide interventions to prevent AF and its complications. Objective To determine long-term risks of AF associated with

Importance: Traditional adoption studies examine disorder-to-disorder parent-offspring transmission. The role of parental genetic risk in offspring disorder transmission can capture indirect genetic effects from parental genotype to parental phenotype to offspring risk. Objective: To assess the relative importance of genetic and rearing effects from paternal family genetic risk scores (FGRSs) in 3

Background Pulmonary nodules (PNs) are clinically challenging because differentiation between benign and malignant PNs is not possible at CT detection; recurring CT examinations and invasive procedures are often required in PN follow-up. Purpose To investigate PN prevalence in a middle-aged population and the risk factors associated with these nodules. Materials and Methods In this secondary analy

The PRIMARY score was implemented in Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (PROMISE) version 2 to improve accuracy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET). We reviewed overall survival (OS) for patients who underwent PSMA PET for initial staging to evaluate the prognostic valu

Non-exhaust emissions from the wear of brakes, tyres, and roads have become an increasing concern in recent years, already surpassing exhaust emissions by mass in many countries. However, there is a lack of studies in the scientific literature on test methods that include both real tyre and road materials. This is crucial for accurately replicating the tribological mechanisms and resulting emissio

afe and optimized utilization of waste-to-energy (WtE) fly ash (FA) requires a detailed understanding of the physicochemical properties of its metal constituents. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical form of Zn in fine (<1 μm) and coarse (>1 μm) FA particles, hypothesized to originate from different formation mechanisms. Size-selective aerosol sampling was performed during

Feedbacks from the climate to other components of the coupled human-Earth system are expected to strongly influence the co-evolution of human society and its environment. Representing these feedback loops between climate and society, via the Earth system's response to human activities and the subsequent effect back onto social systems, is essential in order to fully explore the dynamics of the cou

Blood biomarkers have the potential to revolutionize Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, offering advantages over CSF and PET due to their accessibility, scalability and cost-effectiveness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of individual plasma biomarkers, such as phosphorylated Tau (pTau) 217, as well as biomarker combinations, with a focus on the pTau 217/β-Amyloid (Aβ) 1–42 ratio to predict amy

Infant Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) driven by the KMT2A::AFF1 onco-fusion is an aggressive, poor prognosis disease with few co-operative mutations. The fusion originates in utero, yet the embryonic initiating steps of disease development remain poorly understood. Here, we present a novel murine KMT2A::AFF1 model, that provides key insights into KMT2A::AFF1 pre-leukemia, relevant to human dis

Multi-electron donation remains a challenge for CO2 photocatalytic conversion to multi-electron products due to the efficient Auger recombination or annihilation at multiple excitation conditions for conventional molecules or semiconductor photocatalysts. In this paper, we demonstrated possible multi-electron donation within a quantum dot (QD)/metal complex hybrid photocatalyst system when multipl

Nanowires have an ideal shape for high-resolution imaging, with a small cross-section for high resolution and a long length for strong absorption. However, since the absorption in nanowires is dominated by nanophotonic effects, it is unclear what resolution and efficiency such devices could offer. Here, we investigate the limits of spatial resolution and efficiency of nanowire-based direct detecto

The structure and dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are malleable to solution conditions. Considerable effort has been devoted to understanding the effects of molecular crowding on these properties. Polymer-based crowders, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Ficoll®, are commonly used to simulate the intracellular environment by replicating the high concentration of macromolec

There is an urgent need for accurate and validated methods to measure plasma phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we compared the performance of new commercially available plasma p-Tau217 assay developed by ALZpath to other established p-Tau assays in an autopsy-confirmed sample. We included 72 participants from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegen

Phage collections are essential tools for discovering and dissecting bacterial anti-phage defense systems. Here, we report the isolation, characterization, and annotated genome sequences of five environmental Escherichia coli-infecting phages, obtained during the 2023 Fundamentals of Basic and Applied Phage Biology course at Lund University. The phages were isolated using a motile E. coli K-12 BW2

Background: The Influenza – Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe (I-MOVE/I-MOVE+) and Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies (VEBIS) hospital networks have conducted seasonal multicentre, test-negative, case–control studies in Europe to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) since 2015/16. We measured the effect of chronic conditions on VE of influenza A subtypes among older