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The tunable electronic structure of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) has attracted much attention due to the great potential in nanoscale electronic applications. Most methods to produce GNRs rely on the lithographic process, which suffers from the process-induced disorder in the graphene and scalability issues. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach to directly grow free-standing GNRs on step-bunched f
Metal particles are embedded in the polymer to form a polymer composite film as a seed layer on an insulating substrate to overcome the limitation that electrodeposited copper only occurring at the interface between the polymer and the metal electrode. In this work, we successfully developed a Cu-polythiophenes composite film (Cu-PT composite film) through a facile in-situ reduction method, obtain
Reviews of the effectiveness of interventions for school refusal (SR) rely upon well-conducted primary studies. Currently there are no guidelines for those conducting primary studies about the measurement of outcome following intervention for SR. Most people would agree that it is important to measure school attendance as an outcome but there has been little discussion about other constructs that
The development of biomaterials for wound healing applications requires providing a number of properties, such as antimicrobial action, facilitation of cell proliferation, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of the present study was to investigate morphological and mechanical properties of zein-based microfibers, ultimately aimed at creating an environment suitable for wound healing. Th
A system for the photodynamic laser treatment of massive tumors that employs multiple optical fibers to be inserted into the tumor mass is described. The light flux through the tumor can be assessed by use of the individual fibers both as transmitters and as receivers. With a computer model that describes the diffusive light propagation, optical dosimetry is under development, The system has been
BACKGROUND Linomide, Figure 1, produces robust and consistent in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer models via its anti-angiogenic activity and inhibition of autoimmune encephalomyelitis models of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS clinical trials were discontinued because of unacceptable toxicity, due to dose-dependent induction of proinflammation. METHODS Therefore, linomide analogs were initia
The objective of this study was to design and experimentally examine a sampling method for high-temperature aerosols from biomass combustion, in which nucleation and condensation from fly ash forming vapors is controlled. The sampling method includes a high-temperature probe in which the hot gas is diluted and then cooled. Laboratory results from sampling a model aerosol with known concentrations
A rising global population and demand for protein-rich diets are increasing pressure to maximize agricultural productivity. Rising atmospheric [CO2] is altering global temperature and precipitation patterns, which challenges agricultural productivity. While rising [CO2] provides a unique opportunity to increase the productivity of C-3 crops, average yield stimulation observed to date is well below
We investigate a class of discrete distributions generated by expanding a parametric function in a Lagrange series. There is a close relationship to the class of generalized Poisson distributions, and special cases of our class of distributions arise in the context of random mapping theory. Unbiased estimation is discussed and the results are applied to inference problems in connection with two ra
A new automated method for quantification of left ventricular function from gated-single photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT) images has been developed. The method for quantification of cardiac function (CAFU) is based on a heart shaped model and the active shape algorithm. The model contains statistical information of the variability of left ventricular shape. CAFU was adjusted based on t
Penguin blood samples collected at Bird Island, sub-Antarctic South Georgia, and faecal samples taken from penguins at several localities along the Antarctic Peninsula were analysed in order to investigate if influenza A virus is present in penguin populations in the South Atlantic Antarctic region. Serology was performed on the blood samples while the faecal samples were screened by a RT-PCR meth
Due to their small size, nanoparticles have distinct properties compared with the bulk form of the same materials. These properties are rapidly revolutionizing many areas of medicine and technology. Despite the remarkable speed of development of nanoscience, relatively little is known about the interaction of nanoscale objects with living systems. In a biological fluid, proteins associate with nan
A lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite fauna and an associated holmiid trilobite, Holmia sp., are described from a bioclastic limestone at the top of the Tornetr¨ask Formation in the Luob´akti section, south of Lake Tornetr¨ask, northern Sweden. Other associated polymerid trilobites include Orodes? lapponica and Strenuaeva inflata. The precise age of the trilobite fauna cannot be determined, but its
An aircraft-based, multi-channel aerosol sampler for studies of the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from the CARIBIC ( Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) platform was designed and calibrated. The sampler operates with an impaction technique at a flow rate of 10.4 lpm and consists of sixteen sampling channels. Samples are collec
Molecular patterning processes taking place in biological systems are challenging to study in vivo because of their dynamic behavior, subcellular size, and high degree of complexity. In vitro patterning of biomolecules using nanolithography allows simplification of the processes and detailed study of the dynamic interactions. Parallel dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is uniquely capable of integratin
The formation of ordered structure, such as crystallites, in starch was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The influence of time/temperature treatment and additives such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a carbonate buffer on the formation was investigated. The experiments were planned with a CCC (Central Composite Circumscribed) design. For all
