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Context: The questions of how many individuals and how much time to use for a single testing task are critical in software verification and validation. In software review and usability evaluation contexts, positive effects of using multiple individuals for a task have been found, but software testing has not been studied from this viewpoint. Objective: We study how adding individuals and imposing
Popular Abstract in Swedish Jordens klimat har ändrats många gånger genom dess historia. Under de senaste 2,6 miljoner åren har de kontinentala landmassorna varit geografiskt fördelade på så sätt att relativt små skillnader i Jordens omloppsbana kring solen, s.k. orbitala förändringar, har givit upphov till övergångar mellan långvariga, kalla perioder (istider) och kortvariga, varma perioder (mellThis thesis aimed to examine the relationship between climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations through rapid climate changes during the Holocene. Climate was reconstructed using high-resolution, radiocarbon dated, lake sediment geochemical proxies (magnetic susceptibility, loss-on-ignition, total carbon/nitrogen/sulphur determinations and biogenic silica), vegetational reconstruction (pollen ana
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av två delar. Den första delen behandlar reglering av processer med lång dödtid. Avhandlingen ger förslag på hur regulatorer för dessa processer ska dimensioneras och jämför sedan prestanda hos dessa regulatorer med vanliga PID-regulatorer. Avhandlingens andra del handlar om metoder för automatisk övervakning av reglerkretsar i processindustrin. TvåThe thesis contains two parts, dead-time compensation and performance monitoring. The first part on dead-time compensation is about robust tuning procedures for dead-time compensating controllers (DTC). Both stable and integrating processes are considered. Simple experiments are performed to obtain process models as well as bounds on the allowable bandwidth for stability. The DTCs used have few pa
The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child is a human rights legal document decided and adopted by the UN General Assembly in November 1989. This international convention has had a major impact on children’s rights, policies and legislation in many countries around the world. Another prominent feature of the development, however, is the lack of research in many areas on implementation of childre
Samhällsplaneringen har i någon månalltid varit intresserad av relationellaflöden. Det bilsamhälle som cementeradesunder efterkrigstidens rekordår var ihögsta grad en fråga om att styra rörelsermellan olika platser med industrins behovav arbetskraft som ledstjärna. Men, omvi ser närmare var det inte bara regionplanenstrafiksystem som var relationellt.Bostadsgården skulle skapa platser förolika anv
The paper aims at examining the levels of social cohesion and socio-economic dysfunctionality in former State Agricultural Farms (post-PGR) areas and at assessing the possibilities for initiating bottom-up actions, and for participating in the creation of mechanisms for local development. Data used in the study was obtained in multimethods approach, i.e. mainly during a questionnaire survey, in-de
Det svenska universitetssystemet har vuxit till att bli en omfattande och komplex institution. Expansionen har inte bara gällt antalet studenter, lärare och forskare utan också den administrativa ram de verkar inom och de personalkategorier som ingår däri. Men förhållandet mellan lärarkår och administratörer präglas inte sällan av misstro. I sin artikel vill Ola Agevall och Gunnar Olofsson tränga
From 2013 onward, Sweden and Finland gradually distinguish themselves from all other NATO partners in order to meet the growing challenge how to defend the Baltics. In the analysis, the concept of ‘informal ally’, in contrast to ‘formal ally’, is introduced. A synthesized analytical framework is used to evaluate the process of ever closer partner cooperation and its shifting focus from cooperative
In this article, the concept of the employer is analysed for Swedish conditions from a variety of perspectives. The special difficulties that face the private sector are charted, as are the principles of the legal subject in triparty contracts with temporary employment agencies, platform work, and umbrella companies. Found to go hand in hand with the concept of employee, the concept of the employe
Urbana, pluviala översvämningar orsakar stor skada på infrastruktur, byggnader och stadslivet under och efter extremregn. I den här studien har anmälningar och rapporter från försäkringsbolag och VA-huvudmannen i Malmö, VA Syd, analyserats spatialt. Målsättningen var att få en bättre förståelse för de mekanismer som påverkar pluviala översvämningar, dvs. översvämningar från intensiva regn, ibland Urban, pluvial flooding severely effects infrastructure, buildings and urban life during and after extreme rainfall. In this study, spatial analyses of flood claims from insurance companies and the water utility company of Malmö, VA Syd, are used to better understand the mechanisms and characteristics of pluvial flooding. The same data sets are used to analyse how blue-green infrastructure impacts
Genomic allergen rapid detection (GARD) is an in vitro assay for the prediction of skin sensitizing capacity of chemicals. The GARD assay monitors changes in the expression of 196 genes, termed the GARD prediction signature. In short, MUTZ-3 cells, representing a well-characterized in vitro model of human dendritic cells (DCs), are exposed to the test substances for 24 h. After RNA extraction and
