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Screening 60-yr-old men for renal cancer using ultrasound may be cost effective, and further research into this topic is of value to society. The prevalence of renal cancer by age/sex and the stage shift associated with screening are key research priorities.
Background and Objective: Waste in clinical trials remains rife. We developed an economic model to predict the cost of trials based on input costs, duration, power, number of sites, recruitment eligibility and consenting rates. Methods: We parameterised the model for three proxy placebo-controlled surgical trials using data from a systematic review, a bespoke cost survey, and from the literature.
Energy conservation plays a vital role towards sustainable development of meat processing. Energy costs for many meat plants represent the fourth highest operational cost. In meat processing, moderate levels of both electrical and thermal energy are consumed in wide range of processes and applications. However, energy efficiency improvement in the meat processing industry have been a focus to incr
This study examines the landscape changes that developed in Tarraco (modern-day Tarragona, Spain) between the Roman Republican period and the end of the first century CE. This study, based on a compilation and re-evaluation of archaeological data, combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyse types of sites and their geographical distribution. This research aims to identify elements
This introductory chapter establishes the theoretical and methodological framework for examining the profound transformations that occurred across the western provinces of the Roman Empire during the Augustan period. The volume explores these changes through the lens of landscape archaeology, considering landscapes as complex social constructs that reflect and integrate multiple factors—social, ec
In the late 1990s, the member states of the European Union decided to establish a Common European Asylum System (CEAS), in order to enhance refugee protection. However, the emerging common asylum policies have been deeply criticized for breaching international norms and principles. In this thesis I argue that a discrepancy does exist between the international human rights norm expressed as the Gen
One main reason why Homo sapiens rule the world is because they are being more creative than other tribes. By the same token, organizations that are more creative can survive longer and better than their less creative counterparts. In this study, the author provides her insights into the meaning of creativity, the myths of creativity, and the recipe for creativity.
Background: Home care underwent abrupt adaptations to handle the COVID-19 pandemic including an accelerated digitalization. While some research exists regarding the working conditions for home care personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies exist on the effect of everyday technology use in home care during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate how digital technologies, in
We study the homogenization of the Dirichlet problem for the Stokes equations in R3 perforated by m spherical particles. We assume the positions and velocities of the particles to be identically and independently distributed random variables. In the critical regime, when the radii of the particles are of order m-1, the homogenization limit u is given as the solution to the Brinkman equations. We p
University students’ conceptions of differentiability, continuity and relationsbetween these concepts were studied to reveal their choices of representationsand their strategies to justify their relational claims. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. The results were analysed and categorizedthrough a framework based on understanding as connections between concepts,and a theory
The development of physics-informed deep learning is radically changing compu-tational science and engineering, allowing for an effective integration ofphysics-based and datadriven modeling. Deep learning provides a powerful tool forthe discovery of governing dynamics underneath data and enables nonlinear model-reduction. A Bayesian viewpoint of deep learning is discussed in this chapter towards t
Identification of cancer subtypes is the central goal in the cancer gene expression data analysis. Modified symmetry-based clustering is an unsupervised learning technique for detecting symmetrical convex or non-convex shaped clusters. To enable fast automatic clustering of cancer tissues (samples), in this chapter, the authors propose a rough set based hybrid approach for modified symmetry-based
These European Resuscitation Council Ethics guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the ethical, routine practice of resuscitation and end-of-life care of adults and children. The guideline primarily focus on major ethical practice interventions (i.e. advance directives, advance care planning, and shared decision making), decision making regarding resuscitation, education, and resear
Background: There is limited research on prevention of mental ill-health of school personnel and the systematic management of school work environments. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of implementing the guideline recommendations for the prevention of mental ill-health in schools, in particular, whether there was a difference in adherence to guideline recommendations between
