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Thoroughly considering and optimizing packaging systems can avoid food loss and waste. We suggest a number of issues that must be explored and review the associated challenges. Five main issues were recognized through the extensive experience of the authors and engagement of multiple stakeholders. The issues promoted are classified as follows: (1) identify and obtain specific data of packaging fun
Objectives: To explore availability, prices and affordability of essential medicines for diabetes and hypertension treatment in private pharmacies in three provinces of Zambia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 99 pharmacies across three Zambian provinces. Methods were based on a standardized methodology by the World Health Organization and Health Action International. Availabilit
Besvär från rörelseorganen, framför allt från rygg och nacke är en av de vanligaste anledningarna till sjukfrånvaro i västvärlden. Patienter med dessa besvär utgör en stor andel av de som söker primärvården där fysioterapi ofta är första linjens vård. Rygg och nacksmärta kan orsaka nedsatt funktion och aktivitetsförmåga vilket ofta innebär en betydande förlust av livskvaliteten samt ekonomiska konPatients with back and neck pain are frequently seen in primary care, where they are directed to physiotherapy as first-line treatment. The condition affects both the individual, by causing pain and disability, and society, because of high costs caused by work disability and health care consumption. Clinicians need tools to identify, at an early stage, patients at risk of poor outcome, in order to
BACKGROUND: The recent discovery and specific functions of D-amino acids in humans are bound to lead to the revelation of D-amino acid abnormalities in human disorders. Therefore, high-throughput analysis techniques are warranted to determine D-amino acids in biological fluids in a routine laboratory setting. METHODS: We developed 2 chromatographic techniques, a nonchiral derivatization with chira
A green route for the production of 6-carbon polymer building blocks 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, adipic acid and ϵ-caprolactone from 1,6-hexanediol, a hydrogenation product of biobased 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is reported. Gluconobacter oxydans oxidized 1,6-hexanediol completely to adipic acid, and selectively at pH 6-7 to 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, which was converted to ϵ-caprolactone by catalytic cycli
Hypothesis Chitosan and sulfated oat β-glucan are materials suitable to create a prebiotic coating for targeted delivery to gastrointestinal system, using the layer by layer technology. Experiment Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to assess the multilayer formation capacity and characterize the resultin
Interdisciplinary research in the fields of forestry and sustainability studies often encounters seemingly incompatible ontological assumptions deriving from natural and social sciences. The perceived incompatibilities might emerge from the epistemological and ontological claims of the theories or models directly employed in the interdisciplinary collaboration, or they might be created by other ep
The tumour suppressor p53, encoded by TP53, is a key player in a wide network of signalling pathways. We investigated its role in the bioactivation of the environmental carcinogen 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA)found in diesel exhaust and its metabolites 3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA) and N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone (N-OH-3-ABA) in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells differing only with r
Diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle are disabling and some are life-threatening. Recent successes in the identification of the underlying genetic mechanisms have had profound implication for their diagnostics, treatment and classification. We define familial risks for siblings who were hospitalized for or deceased from diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle. A nationwide database
In the halothane-anaesthetized rat, the responses of 49 neurons in the lumbo-sacral cord and the reflex discharge in the common peroneal nerve following electrical stimulation of the sural nerve were recorded in order to study possible relations between neuronal events and reflex nerve discharges. A distant noxious stimulus (to activate Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls (DNIC) of Le Bars et al.1
Background: For up to 50% of adolescents experiencing PTSD, the course of their illness is further complicated by co-occurring substance use. Despite this, evidence-based integrated treatment options for adolescents with this comorbidity remain sparse. To address this gap, we are conducting an RCT examining the efficacy of exposure-based therapy for co-occurring PTSD and substance use among adoles
Background: Plasma copeptin, a marker of vasopressin, is associated with renal function decline in the general population. Our aim was to study the links between elevated copeptin and future risk of kidney disease.Methods: Copeptin was measured in a sample of the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) Reinvestigation (n = 5158) and in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort (MDC-CC) (n = 5162). Ac
Klimatfrågan har under senare år rotat sig in i svenskens medvetande. Om detta vittnar nyord som ”klimatångest” och ”flygskam”. Det är på tiden. Men klimatförändringarna är inte den enda kris vi nu står inför och måste konfrontera.
For a series of biologically relevant anions, we present free energy changes upon replacing potassium with sodium in a contact ion pair. Calculations performed using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and ab initio methods demonstrate the ordering of anions in a Hofmeister series. Small anionic groups such as carboxylates preferentially pair with sodium, while intermediate cases such
The Ordovician (∼487 to 443 Ma) ended with the formation of extensive Southern Hemisphere ice sheets, known as the Hirnantian glaciation, and the second largest mass extinction in Earth History. It was followed by the Silurian (∼443 to 419 Ma), one of the most climatically unstable periods of the Phanerozoic as evidenced by several large scale (>5‰) carbon isotope (δ13C) perturbations associated w
There is currently interest in low strain HPHT diamond due to its expected application as various types of X-ray optical elements at Synchrotrons, where the X-ray intensity is becoming progressively too severe for the existing materials. The diamond crystals need to be synthesised with unprecedented lattice quality. In recent measurements at the ID19 beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Faci
AIM: A survival benefit has been observed for colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis treated by cytoreductive surgery with intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). However, this treatment modality is associated with a considerable morbidity and mortality and in a significant number of patients survival is not improved. We studied whether poor survivors c
