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Why do economic policies change? Why do policy makers replace one policy regime with another? An answer to this question is provided here by using Swedish central bank policy over the past 50 years as a case study. Swedish authorities moved in the 1940s and 1950s from a traditional monetary policy based on open market operations, discount changes and unregulated international flows of money and ca
Is the Armenian Genocide a strictly historical matter? If that is the case, why is it still a topical issue, capable of causing diplomatic rows and heated debates? The short answer would be that the century old Armenian Genocide is much more than a historical question. It emerged as a political dilemma on the international arena at the San Stefano peace conference in 1878 and has remained as such
Science has become a central political concern with massive increases in public investments and expectations, but resources are embedded in a complex web of societal expectations, which vary between countries and regions. This book outlines an insightful understanding of science policy as both concerning the governance of science itself (priority-setting, funding, organization and articulation wit
This paper presents a comparison of horizontal equity in health care utilization in 10 European countries and the US. It does not only extend previous work by using more recent data from a larger set of countries, but also uses new methods and presents disaggregated results by various types of care. In all countries, the lower-income groups are more intensive users of the health care system. But a
To catch successfully the new opportunities that arise from the development of new paper-product markets, pulp and paper producers are facing the need to improve the profitability and the environmental profile of their processes. Pulp and paper producers are therefore seeking all means to “close the loops”: the water loop, the chemical loop and the by-product loop. This lecture reviews the oppor
Membrane technology is a relative new technology in the pulp and paper industry with interesting applications in the water loop, the by-product loop and the chemical loop. The technology was pioneered in the pulp and paper industry by DDS Filtration, now Alfa Laval Nakskov in the 1970’ies and this article reviews the opportunities to use membrane technology in the different loops investigated ove
In this article I examine the current European refugee ‘crisis’ by challenging, from a theoretical perspective, the way in which the European Union (EU) has used the increased number of deaths in the Mediterranean as an opportunity to frame recent migration flows as an emergency which, by definition, can only be addressed through the adoption of exceptional measures. Throughout the article, I enga
This essay returns to the extensive scholarly debate surrounding the lyrics and fragments which Percy Bysshe Shelley composed for Jane Williams, or with her in mind, during the last six months of his life. It takes its point of departure in what it defines as “the problem of the Jane Williams poems” – the difficulty, faced by biographers, editors, and critics alike, of mapping the relationship bet
This essay examines Byron's and Shelley's reactions to, and involvement with, the Neapolitan Revolution of 1820–21, using them to focus a debate about conflicting constructions of history in their writing, and to question subsequently conventional accounts of their creative relationship. It concentrates on Shelley's Ode to Naples, which it identifies as in important rhetorical blow in Shelley's pu
In most OECD-countries immigrants have lower employment and higher unemployment than natives. The gap in labor market outcomes is larger in countries with more immigrant friendly attitudes. This paper suggests that in countries where labor market institutions are less competitive, native workers face less direct wage competition from immigration. As a result, the general population is more immigra
The Internet, apart from being a fascinating field of study in its own right, has opened up new possibilities for scholars to get news, gather data, connect with informants, and in general stay updated on rapidly changing developments in Chinese society. Social media have added yet another dimension as it enables researchers to catch up with events and public debates as they unfold and get valuabl
The growth of 10 isolates of rhizosphere bacteria was compared in the rhizoplane (RP), rhizosphere (RS) and non-rhizosphere soil of a model system with rape seedlings growing in sterile sand. The colonization of the RP differed little among isolates. However, the bacterial isolates differed according to their degree of dependence on the root for growth, as judged by RS:RP and plant:non-plant ratio
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal cancer with currently limited opportunities for early detection and effective treatment. Modifiable factors may offer pathways for primary prevention. In this study, the association between the Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and PC risk was examined. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 1113 incident PC (57% women)
In this essay it is argued that Bergman deviated from his highly critical depictions of bourgeois life in the films of the 1960s and 1970s, from Persona (1966) to the television series Scenes from a Marriage (1973), in Fanny and Alexander (1982), his final contribution to films made for the cinema. Bergman himself came from an upper-class bourgeois background, and by his own account he did not tak
Discussions of the sky in the Brontës’ works have tended to limit themselves to the weather, making Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights seem very similar to one another in this regard. If, however, attention instead turns to the sky as a spatial phenomenon, there is a considerable difference between the two novels, symptomatic of a greater difference in the possibility of personal freedom. Thus, while
