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Mixed polymer-surfactant systems have broad applications, ranging from detergents, paints, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic to biotechnological. A review of the underlying polymer-surfactant association in bulk is given. While ionic surfactants bind broadly to polymers, nonionics only do so if the polymer has a lower polarity and can interact by hydrophobic interactions. Water-soluble polymers, which
Isothermal titration calorimetry is increasingly becoming a common tool for the investigation of surfactant association processes. This can be associated with the development of new, sensitive and easy-to-operate commercial equipment, allied with the advantage of producing simultaneous information on the main thermodynamic parameters associated with the process under investigation. However, a sign
Insertions and deletions of entire codons have recently been discovered as a mechanism by which B cells, in addition to conventional base substitution, evolve the antibodies produced by their immunoglobulin genes. These events frequently seem to involve repetitive sequence motifs in the antibody-encoding genes, and it has been suggested that they occur through polymerase slippage. In order to bett
Upon tissue injury and infection both stressed and dying cells can release proteins that normally reside inside the cells. Some of the released proteins become ligands of various cell surface receptors expressed by local cells and such proteins are denoted damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Binding of some DAMPs to certain cell surface receptors induces signals emanating in the producti
Haemophilus influenzae protein E (PE) is a multifunctional adhesin, involved in direct interactions with lung epithelial cells and host proteins, including plasminogen and the extracellular matrix proteins vitronectin and laminin. We recently crystallized PE and successfully collected X-ray diffraction data to 1.8 Å. Here we solved the structure of a recombinant version of PE and analyzed differen
The Gauss-Lagrange stochastic wave model is known to produce irregular waves with realistic degrees of asymmetry. We present the basic structure of the model and illustrate three of its characteristic properties: front-back asymmetry, particle orbits, and average horseshoe pattern. We also study the effect of a linear filter in a wave energy converting (WEC) system on asymmetry and on average powe
The aim of this essay is to examine four floor mosaics from private dwellings in Pompeii. These 1st century floor mosaics decorate the fauces of the houses and they all depict watchdogs. The first question to be asked is if there are other common features between the houses that can explain why these house owners chose this figure. The second question is if you can reveal, from the existing knowle
The Rwandan genocide 1994 was a well-planned and ethnic based act that killed approximately 900 000 people. The UN and the colonial powers are getting much attention and are worldly discussed about the failure of interference before and during the genocide. In this study the history of colonial Rwanda will be analyzed and the UN relation will be discussed. This will be done by examining how th
According to TCO (The Swedish Confederation for Professional Employees) the worst threat to the Swedish welfare is that so many people because of bad health and unemployment are not a part of the labour force. If Sweden could make the number of people with health and unemployment problems half the size as today, the GDP would increase with more than five percent. In real money this means 110 billi
I detta arbete studeras hur word of mouth fungerar i praktiken. Word of mouth är passerande, verbal och informell information. I huvudsak handlar det om rekommendationer men även generell information från en person till en annan. Word of mouth är ett mänskligt fenomen som har funnits sedan urminnes tider då människor är kommunicerande varelser. På senare år har dock fenomenet word of mouth blivit
The variable regions of allergen-specific IgE, the isotype mediating allergic responses, are poorly defined to date. In this study we define the character of human antibody binding sites recognizing Phl p 2, a major allergen from timothy grass pollen. Independently raised specificities developed by phage display technology tended to have common sequence motifs (idiotypes), such as IGHV4-31 germlin
Sustainability is becoming an important factor to consider while buying different products such as outdoor equipment and vehicle accessories. Also there is a growing awareness that business side should take an important role in promotion of sustainable consumer behaviour. This paper investigates sustainable consumer behaviour in general and in relation to outdoor equipment and vehicle accessories
The purpose with this report is twofold. 1) To examine the safety-work in Swedish communities and 2) how progressive changes can be integrated into the present work. The aim is to counsel community risk- and safety work through: - Describing different safety actors involved in the areas of responsibility and cooperation. - Give suggestions on present models to achieve safe communities. - Summari
