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Background: Antibody-mediated complement fixation has previously been associated with protection against malaria in naturally acquired immunity. However, the process of early-life development of complement-fixing antibodies in infants, both in comparison to their respective mothers and to other immune parameters, remains less clear. Results: We measured complement-fixing antibodies in newborns and

Group A Streptococcus (GAS)causes infections ranging from mild sore throats to severe invasive disease; however, no licensed vaccine is currently available. In this thesis, the author leverages streptolysin O (SLO), an important GAS protein and therapeutic/vaccine target, as a model system to develop a multimodal protein mass spectrometry(MS) strategy. Through an integrated approach of MS-based pr

186 countries have ratified The Convention on Rights of People with Disabilities (CRPD) since 2006. Sweden ratified the CRPD in 2008, Denmark in 2009, and Norway in 2013. In the context of the United Nations, the concept of Universal Design (UD) introduced in the CRPD is new. Previously, accessibility was the dominant concept. By ratifying the CRPD, these three countries have agreed to initiate or

We developed an algorithm for the early screening of autism spectrum disorder using baby cry sound. We collected the sound using a smartphone application to record it in their daily life. We employed the Japanese version of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) for the evaluation of the autism spectrum. We built a prediction model for binary classification using least absolute shr

Accessible housing plays a crucial role in supporting aging in place, yet Japan lacks adequate tools for assessing housing accessibility among older adults. This study describes the process of translating and adapting the environmental component checklist of the Swedish Housing Enabler instrument for valid use in Japan. During translation to the Japanese language, technical terms and specification

On a solid agar medium the growth-inhibitory effect of 9 Lactobacillus strains cultured from vaginal content was tested on bacteria cultured from vaginal content of women with bacterial vaginosis: Mobiluncus, Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacteroides and anaerobic cocci. Inhibition zones were observed in the growth of all of the strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis around all lactobacilli

Proteolytic cleavage of thrombin generates C-terminal host defense peptides exerting multiple immunomodulatory effects in response to bacterial stimuli. Previously, we reported that thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) are internalized in monocytes and macrophages in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. In this study, we investigated which endocytosis pathways are responsible for the i

Previous studies have shown that high intratumoral stromal content is associated with a worse prognosis in breast cancer, especially in the triple-negative subtype. However, contradictory results have been reported for estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, indicating that the prognostic role of intratumoral stromal content may be subtype-dependent. In this study, we investigated the impo

The SIRPα-CD47 axis plays an important role in T cell recruitment to sites of immune reaction and inflammation but its role in T cell antigen priming is incompletely understood. Employing OTII TCR transgenic mice bred to Cd47-/- (Cd47KO) or SKI mice, a knock-in transgenic animal expressing non-signaling cytoplasmic-truncated SIRPα, we investigated how the SIRPα-CD47 axis contributes to antigen pri

Circulating inflammatory markers are essential to human health and disease, and they are often dysregulated or malfunctioning in cancers as well as in cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the genetic contribution to the physiological variation of levels of circulating inflammatory markers is largely unknown. Here we report the results of a genome-wide gen

The luminosity monitor LUCID (LUminosity Cherenkov Integrating Detector) employed in the ATLAS experiment at the LHC had to be upgraded for the second run of LHC (Run 2) that started in spring 2015. The increased energy of the proton beams and the higher luminosity implied that the Photomultipliers of the original LUCID detector had to be replaced for Run 2 to cope with the more demanding conditio

Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease with a mortality rate of >80% if ruptured. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been previously implicated in AAA pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mitochondrial genetic landscape in AAA. Methods and Results Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed in comorbidity matched 48 cas

Background: All available recommendations about the management of antithrombotic therapies (ATs) in patients who experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI) are mainly based on expert opinion because of the lack of strength in the available evidence-based medicine. Currently, the withdrawal and the resumption of AT in these patients is empirical, widely variable, and based on the individual assessmen

Background: The complement system seems to influence cancer pathophysiology. The primary aim of this study was to explore complement components associated with the classical pathway (CP) of the complement system in peripheral blood from patients with IDH–wild-type (IDH-wt) glioblastoma. Methods: Patients undergoing primary surgery due to glioblastoma in the years 2019–2021 were prospectively inclu

The thermal sensitivity of early life stages can play a fundamental role in constraining species distributions. For egg-laying ectotherms, cool temperatures often extend development time and exacerbate developmental energy cost. Despite these costs, egg laying is still observed at high latitudes and altitudes. How embryos overcome the developmental constraints posed by cool climates is crucial kno

The effect of a certain aggressive action is often aggravated if another aggressive action takes place at the same time. Examples of mechanisms with synergy are (i) salt-frost scaling and reinforcement corrosion, (ii) alkali silica reaction (ASR) and internal frost damage, (iii) leaching of lime and internal frost attack, (iv) leaching of lime and reinforcement corrosion, (v) internal frost and le

The spatial patterns of precipitation regarding physiography and atmospheric circulations in the Lake Urmia Basin have been investigated. Daily rainfall time series for the 50 most reliable precipitation stations for the period 1980-2010 were analyzed to detect the regional precipitation pattern. To identify rainfall homogeneous regions, principal component analysis was applied to the precipitatio