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The existence of infinite periodic lipid bilayer structures in biological systems was first demonstrated in cell membrane assemblies. Such periodicity is only possible in symmetric bilayers, and their occurrence is discussed here in relation to the asymmetry of cell membranes in vivo. A periodic membrane conformation in the prolamellar body of plants corresponds to a dormant state without photosyn
The main purpose of the study was to investigate Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis characteristics in relation to suicidal intent among suicide attempters with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Adjustment Disorders (AD). The relationship between suicidal intent, assessed by means of the Suicidal Intent Scale (SIS), and serum cortisol after a Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) was inves
Aims: We tested whether autoantibodies to all three ZnT8RWQ variants, GAD65, insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), insulin and autoantibodies to islet cell cytoplasm (ICA) in combination with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) would improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood type 1 diabetes by detecting the children who otherwise would have been autoantibody-negative. Methods: A total of 686 pat
ABO is the clinically most important blood group system and its antigens are carbohydrate moieties present on the surface of the red blood cell (RBC) but also on other tissues throughout the body. The ABO gene encodes an enzyme, a glycosyltransferase (GT),that adds a terminal monosaccharide to the precursor structure, H antigen, to define the A or B antigens. Blood group O is due to a non-function
The Vasalemma Formation (early Katian, Late Ordovician) of northern Estonia consists of a succession of biodetrital grainstones up to 15 m thick with numerous intercalated reef bodies, which reach diameters of more than 50 m. Four dominant facies types are distinguished within the reef core limestones: (1) a bryozoan framestone-bindstone, (2) an echinoderm bindstone, (3) a receptaculitid-bryozoan-
The development of strategies for dissolution and regeneration of cellulose constitutes an increasingly active research field due to the direct relevance for many production processes and applications. A wide variety of suitable solvents for cellulose are already available. However, cellulose solvents are of highly different nature reflecting the great challenges in the understanding of the subtle
Background Previous research has established that direct and indirect forms of aggression differ in their association with gender and type of psychological difficulties. One purpose of the present study was to test if the same applies to direct and indirect victimization. A second purpose was to study these associations not only cross-sectionally (as in most previous research) but also longitudina
Objectives: To describe energy intake and its macronutrient and food sources among 27 regions in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects aged 35-74 years were administered a standardized 24-h dietary recall. Intakes of macronutrients (g/day) and energy (kcal/day) were estimated usin
Many of the interesting physics processes to be measured at the LHC have a signature involving one or more isolated electrons. The electron reconstruction and identification efficiencies of the ATLAS detector at the LHC have been evaluated using proton-proton collision data collected in 2011 at TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb. Tag-and-probe methods using events with lep
Detailed stratigraphic analyses of sediments deposited in Lake Botjarnen, a small boreal forest lake in the shield terrain of central Sweden, clearly reflect progressively increasing human impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems following settlement and establishment of an iron industry in the 17th century. Rising frequencies of pollen and spores from light-demanding plants provide evidence o
Abstract in UndeterminedThe present study combines behavioral observations of memory (deferred imitation, DI, after a brief delay of 30 min and after a long delay of 2-3 weeks) and electrophysiological (event-related potentials, ERPs) measures of associative memory, as well as parental reports of non-verbal and verbal communication in sixteen 14-months-old children. Results show that for DI, the c
The intestinal microbiota is vital for shaping the local intestinal environment as well as host immunity and metabolism. At the same time, epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest an important role for parasitic worm infections in maintaining the inflammatory and regulatory balance of the immune system. In line with this, the prevalence of persistent worm infections is inversely correlate
A novel model of role of conditioning in attention is presented and evaluated on a Nao humanoid robot. The model implements conditioning and habituation in interaction with a dynamic neural field where different stimuli compete for activation. The model can be seen as a demonstration of how stimulus-selection and action-selection can be combined and illustrates how positive or negative reinforceme
In tandem with contemporary modern society becoming increasingly dependent upon visuality, new trends have emerged in cultural studies discussing how visual representations influence our perception of society and its institutions. This is an important observation concerning central elements of law and legal thinking, which to a large extent have been shaped and informed by a text-based tradition:
Control systems design has traditionally been treated separately from the design of its software and hardware implementation. The increasing use of embedded control in for example distributed, safety critical and mass-produced systems has caused an increasing need for the simultaneous consideration of the control system and its implementation platform during development To this end, there is a nee
