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The association of L-type Ca(2+) channels to the secretory granules and its functional significance to secretion was investigated in mouse pancreatic B cells. Nonstationary fluctuation analysis showed that the B cell is equipped with <500 alpha1(C) L-type Ca(2+) channels, corresponding to a Ca(2+) channel density of 0.9 channels per microm(2). Analysis of the kinetics of exocytosis during voltage-
Recent alcohol consumption is all established risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or the upper aero-digestive tract. In contrast, the role or lifetime exposure to alcohol with regard to risk of SCC is not well established. Historical data oil alcohol use are available in 271,253 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). During 2,330,381 pers
The apolipoprotein (apoE) epsilon4 allele was studied in fronto-temporal dementia (FTD), a diagnostic category including the specific disorders Pick's disease and frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type (FLD). These dementing diseases have neuronal and synaptic degeneration in common with Alzheimer's disease (AD), for which the presence of the apoE epsilon4 allele is a known risk factor, a
There is an intensive interest in characterising the structure and function of galectins, which is not surprising given their many important cellular functions and strong implications in human disease. Understanding the mechanisms involved in galectin functions will help to find selective and novel strategies for disease treatment and diagnosis. A key to this lies in their carbohydrate binding spe
OBJECTIVE: To determine if beneficial effects of a weight-management program could be sustained for up to 24 months in a randomized trial in an ethnically diverse obese population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: There were 209 obese children (BMI > 95th percentile), ages 8 to 16 of mixed ethnic backgrounds randomly assigned to the intensive lifestyle intervention or clinic control group. The control group
Objective To examine the long-term effects of early low-dose prednisolone use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Design Retrieval of data from a 2-year open randomised trial comparing prednisolone 7.5mg/day in addition to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with DMARD therapy alone. Participants were followed for 10years since incl
Context: The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin, inhibits glucagon secretion at hyperglycemia but appears to enhance glucagon counterregulation during hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes.Objective:The objective of the investigation was to study whether vildagliptin also improves α-cell function in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Patients and Methods: The study was a single-center, double-blind, ra
Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and a decreased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, little is known about the risk of EAC and ESCC related to other metabolic risk factors. We aimed to examine the risk of EAC and ESCC in relation to metabolic risk factors, separately and combined in a prospective cohort study. Metho
OBJECTIVE - We assessed the association between A1C and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in an observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes followed for 5 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A total of 7,454 patients were studied from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (aged 20-65 years, diabetes duration 1-35 years, followed from 2002 to 2007). RESULTS - Hazard ratios (HRs) for fatal/n
Background: The majority of non-syndromic colorectal cancers (CRCs) can be described as a complex disease. A two-stage case-control study on CRC susceptibility was conducted to assess the influence of the ancestral alleles in the polymorphisms previously associated with nutrition-related complex diseases. Methods: In stage I, 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in a hospital-b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Osteoporos (benskörhet) innebär att såväl bentätheten som skelettets hållfasthet minskar, vilket leder till ökad risk att få frakturer (benbrott). Osteoporos är en folksjukdom, där frakturerna medför stora kostnader såväl för individen som för samhället. De frakturer som räknas som osteoporosfrakturer är i första hand de som drabbar höft, bäcken, axel, handled och kota.Hip fracture is the most severe clinical manifestation of bone fragility. Hip fracture predominantly affects an already frail population and is associated with multi-cause morbidity and high mortality. Improved knowledge of long-term outcome is essential in order to improve future care and prevention of both fracture and its complications. In this thesis, all hip fracture patients during 1984-198
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have emerged as a powerful approach for identifying susceptibility loci associated with polygenetic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is still a daunting task to prioritize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from GWAS for further replication in different population. Several recent studies have shown that genetic var
Purpose: We investigated the distribution of cannabinoid receptor subtypes 1 and 2 in the detrusor of different species and studied the effects of cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 agonists on bladder function. Materials and Methods: Cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 expression was studied with Western blot and immunohistochemistry in rat, monkey and human detrusors. Co-staining was done for markers of sens
Anthracyclines and taxanes are active cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of early metastatic breast cancer. It is yet unclear whether addition of capecitabine to the combination of these drugs improves the treatment outcome. Patients with advanced breast cancer were randomized to first-line chemotherapy with a combination of epirubicin (Farmorubicin(A (R))) and paclitaxel (Taxol(A (R))) alone (ET) o
OBJECTIVE Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of the current study was to determine incidence of diabetes during GH replacement therapy (GHRT) and the effect of GHRT on fasting plasma glucose concentrations and HbA(1c) in adult patients with GH deficiency. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 5,143 GH-deficient patients (male 49.9%; mean age
In a population-based study on cobalamin status and incident fractures in elderly men (n = 790) with an average follow-up of 5.9 years, we found that low levels of metabolically active and total cobalamins predict incident fractures, independently of body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), and cystatin C. Cobalamin deficiency in elderlies may affect bon
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Data on the prevalence and indicators of weight loss in population-based groups of stroke survivors are scarce. We aimed to find the predictors and indicators of weight loss >3 kg as a possible marker of malnutrition after stroke. METHODS: We registered weight at baseline, after 4 months, and 1 year later in 305 survivors from a population-based cohort of first-ever st
I följande delrapport redogörs övergripande för förutsättningarna och delar av resultaten efter ett utrymningsförsök som genomfördes den 1-3 juli år 2014 i vägtunneln Norra länken i Stockholm. Syftet med försöket var i huvudsak att undersöka hur personer på bästa sätt kan ledas till en motstående tunnelvägg med utrymningsvägar i en rökfylld tunnel. Försöket syftade även till att kvantifiera med vi
Objectives To study regional cerebral blood perfusion with power Doppler ultrasound (PDU) imaging in appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) fetuses and those with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) at different hemodynamic stages of fetal deterioration. Methods Brain blood perfusion was studied with PDU imaging, and the fractional moving blood volume (FMB V) was estimated in 56 growth-restricte
