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Context. Continuous experimentation is used by many companies to improve their products with users data. In this study, the efficacy of continuous experimentation as used in two different types of business models (product-led or sales-led). Method. Two case companies with a product-led business model and three companies with sales-led business model were compared against each other. 14 interviewee

Testing of autonomous systems is extremely important as many of them are both safety-critical and security-critical. The architecture and mechanism of such systems are fundamentally different from traditional control software, which appears to operate in more structured environments and are explicitly instructed according to the system design and implementation. To gain a better understanding of a

Over the past years, interest in classifying drivers' behavior from data has surged. Such interest is particularly relevant for car insurance companies who, due to privacy constraints, often only have access to data from Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) or similar. In this paper, we present a semi-supervised learning solution to classify portions of trips according to whether drivers are driving a

Permafrost extends 40% of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), a region which contains the headwaters of numerous major rivers in Asia. As an aquiclude, permafrost substantially controls surface runoff and its hydraulic connection with groundwater. The freeze–thaw cycle in the active layer significantly impacts soil water movement direction, velocity, storage capacity, and hydraulic conductivity. Unde

Correlation between different links is an essential characteristic for many of the forthcoming radio communication systems that utilize the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology. This paper investigates the physical phenomena that cause the inter-link correlation by introducing a measure to quantify how large amount of energy propagates via similar propagation mechanisms in different li

In this paper, a low-complexity resistorless high-precision sub-1 V MOSFET-only voltage reference is presented. To obtain an accurate output, a curvature-compensation technique is used, canceling its logarithmic temperature dependence regardless of the value of the mobility temperature exponent (γ). The circuit is realized in 65 nm CMOS technology and yields an output voltage of 574 mV, a temperat

In this paper we consider spatial coupling in turbo equalization and demonstrate that the code design trade-off between the performance in waterfall and error floor regions can be avoided. We introduce three coupling schemes and compare their performances, where the first method introduces coupling between the encoder and the channel, while the second uses a spatially coupled (SC) code. In the thi

A Large Intelligent Surface (LIS) is a recently proposed concept, especially suitable for high speed indoor communications and industrial internet of things (IoT) applications. Basing the LIS on smaller panels has clear advantages in terms of flexibility and mass production of its elements. In this paper we consider a panel-based LIS and we study the interplay of the panel size, the number of base

We study the well-posedness of a class of dynamical flow network systems describing the dynamical mass balance among a finite number of cells exchanging flow of traffic between themselves and with the external environment. Dynamical systems in the considered class are described as differential inclusions whereby the routing matrix is constant and the outflow from each cell in the network is limite

Time-triggered real-time systems achieve deterministic behavior using schedules that are constructed offline, based on scheduling constraints. Their deterministic behavior makes time-triggered systems suitable for usage in safety-critical environments, like avionics. However, this determinism also allows attackers to fine-tune attacks that can be carried out after studying the behavior of the syst

Stereo 3D video from surgical procedures can be highly valuable for medical education and improve clinical communication. But access to the operating room and the surgical field is restricted. It is a sterile environment, and the physical space is crowded with surgical staff and technical equipment. In this setting, unobscured capture and realistic reproduction of the surgical procedures are diffi

Resource management in cloud computing is a difficult problem, as one is often tasked with balancing between adequate service to clients and cost minimization in dynamic environments of many interconnected components. To make correct decisions in these environments, good performance models are necessary. A common modeling methodology is to use networks of queues, but as these are prohibitively exp

The 5G Edge Intelligence for Vertical Experimentation (5G-DIVE) project aims at demonstrating the technical merits and business value proposition of 5G technologies in two vertical pilots, namely the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Autonomous Drones Scout (ADS) pilots. This paper presents an overview of the overall 5G-DIVE solution and reports the results of the initial validation campaign of the selected

The fifth generation (5G) of mobile communications introduces improvements on many fronts when compared to its previous generations. Besides the performance enhancements and new advances in radio technologies, it also integrates other technological domains, such as cloud-to-things continuum and artificial intelligence. In this work, the 5G-DIVE Elastic Edge Platform (DEEP) is proposed as the linki

We use the received bit information rate (RBIR) to analyze the performance of multi-layer transmission when combined with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). The different layers are obtained from ordinary Gray-coded M-QAM and used for transmitting log2(M) codewords in parallel, exploiting that the different bits in Gray-coded M-QAM have very different reliability. The performance is analyzed

More than 50% of global lakes periodically freeze, and their lake ice phenology is sensitive to climate change. However, spatially detailed quantification of the changes in lake ice at the global scale is not available. Here, we map ice cover in >33,000 lakes throughout the North Temperate Zone (23.5°–66.5°N) using 0.55 million Landsat images from 1985 to 2020. Over this period, we found a remarka

Aim: Ongoing climate warming has been widely reported to delay autumn phenology, which in turn impacts carbon, water, energy and nutrient balances at regional and global scales. However, the underlying mechanisms of autumn phenology responses to climate change have not been fully elucidated. The aims of this study were to determine whether brightening that was defined as the increase of surface so

Internal positivity offers a computationally cheap certificate for external (inputoutput) positivity of a linear time-invariant system. However, the drawback with this certificate lies in its realization dependency. First, computing such a realization requires finding a polyhedral cone with a potentially high number of extremal generators that lifts the dimension of the state-space representation,