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Stair-ascending at maximum ability is required during emergency evacuations to reach a safe refuge from deep underground structures. We hypothesized that an ascent can last maximum 5 min at the individual’s maximum step rate (SR), and oxygen uptake (V˙O2) would not reach a stable state. This study explored stair-ascending endurance and some physiological constraints of performance. Eighteen health
Abstract: In the cerebral cortices of rats, during insulininduced hypoglycemia, changes in the concentrations of labile phosphate compounds [ATP, ADP, AMP, and phosphocreatine (PCr)] and glycolytic metabolites (lactate, pyruvate, and glucose) as well as phospholipids and free fatty acids (FFAs) were studied in relation to extracellular potassium and calcium activities. Changes in extracellular ca
Background: Overweight and obesity were recently associated with a poor prognosis in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Whether the metabolic consequences of obesity as defined by the metabolic syndrome (MS) are also linked with disease progression remains untested. Methods: Eligible ADPKD patients with different stages of CKD (n = 105) and 105 non-diabetic control
Heritage buildings are usually culturally protected as well as naturally ventilated. As such, it is difficult to control the airflow, which depends on the temperature outdoors as well as the wind. This causes issues with the thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. In this study, status determinations were conducted for 12 heritage buildings with offices, across Sweden. Field measurements on te
Background: Treatment with omega-3 fatty acids and fenofibrates reduces serum triglyceride levels, but few studies have compared the effect of these agents on liver fat. Objective: The aim of the EFFECT I trial (NCT02354976) was to determine the effects of free omega-3 carboxylic acids (OM-3CA) and fenofibrate on liver fat in overweight or obese individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease a
Many studies have demonstrated the existence of simple, unidimensional socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI). However, in the present paper we move beyond such traditional analyses by simultaneously considering multiple demographic and socioeconomic dimensions. Using the Spanish National Health Survey 2011–2012, we apply intersectionality theory and multilevel analysis of individual het
The authors used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to search for evidence for a genetic predisposition in lung cancer. Familial risks in offspring were increased for all lung cancer to 1.77 when a parent was affected with any lung cancers; the comparable risk among siblings was 2.15. At young age, risks between siblings were higher than those between offspring and parents for all histological typ
We present a fully automated generative method for simultaneous brain tumor and organs-at-risk segmentation in multi-modal magnetic resonance images. The method combines an existing whole-brain segmentation technique with a spatial tumor prior, which uses convolutional restricted Boltzmann machines to model tumor shape. The method is not tuned to any specific imaging protocol and can simultaneousl
Noroviruses are the major cause for viral acute gastroenteritis in the world. Despite the existing infection prevention strategies in hospitals, the disease continues to spread and causes extensive and numerous outbreaks. Hence, there is a need to investigate the possibility of airborne transmission of norovirus. In this study, we developed an experimental setup for studies on the infectivity of a
Lipid-lowering statin treatment reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and improves endothelial function in patients with hypercholesterolemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma levels of fibrinogen, factor VII, and the macrophage-derived inflammatory mediator neopterin during lipid lowering. In addition, the endothelial production of platelet antiaggregatory and vasodila
BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide. A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 (HPV-6/11/16/18) for the prevention of high-grade cervical lesions associated with HPV-16 and HPV-18. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 12,167 women b
We present evidence of a submerged early Holocene landscape off the Blekinge coastline in the Baltic Sea, dating to the Yoldia Sea and Initial Littorina Sea Stages when the water level was lower than at present. 14C dated wood remains obtained by surveillance diving and new archaeological findings in combination with bathymetric analyses and interpolations between other sites across the Baltic Sea
Program/Project Purpose: Increased recognition of the global cancer burden and inequalities in care and outcomes have led to the growing field of global oncology, focused on strengthening health systems to improve cancer prevention and care. Motivated students and trainees are in need of pathways to approach these challenges. In 2012, Harvard Medical students formed Students for Global Oncology (S
Responding to increasing concerns with the quality of care in both Sweden and England, this paper explores the way in which caring practice emerges out of the interplay between personal and social agency. Working from a socio-cultural perspective, results from an English and a Swedish study conducted independently of each other were used to explore the construction of caring practice. The English
About 25% of C2-deficient homozygotes have increased susceptibility to severe bacterial infections. C2-deficient homozygotes had significantly lower serum levels of IgG2, IgG4, IgD, and Factor B, significantly higher levels of IgA and IgG3 and levels of IgG1 and IgM similar to controls. Type I ( 28 bp deletion in C2 exon 6 on the [HLA-B18, S042, DR2] haplotype or its fragments) and type II ( non-t
The role of the carbohydrates for the structure and functions of the plasma and tissue protein alpha1-microglobulin (alpha1m) was investigated by deletion of the sites for N-glycosylation by site-directed mutagenesis (N17,96-->Q). The mutated cDNA was expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system resulting in a nonglycosylated protein. The biochemical properties of N17,96Q-alpha1m were compared to
