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I September 2009 öppnade den nya konventionen om godsbefordran till sjöss för signering i Rotterdam. Om den nya konventionen lyckas i det den har intention att göra, vilket är att harmonisera reglerna om godsbefordran till sjöss, kommer den nästan hundra år gammal regimen Haag reglerna att försvinna. Dessa konventioner reglerar tillsammans med Haag-Visby och Hamburg reglerna ansvaret för skada på In September 2009, the new convention concerning carriage of goods by sea opened for signing in Rotterdam. If the convention succeeds in what it sets out to do, harmonising the carriage of goods by sea regulations throughout the world, the almost a century old regime of the Hague Rules will be discarded. These conventions, together with the Hague-Visby Rules and the Hamburg Rules, regulate the lia

This thesis takes off in framing theory and the theory of securitization to investigate the Yemeni government’s framing of its oppositional groups the Houthis and the Southern Movement. My purpose is three-folded: 1) to describe the conflicts between the Yemeni government and these two oppositional groups within their local and global context; 2) to illustrate how the Yemeni government is using th

It is the purpose of this paper to compare the securitization processes of the A(H1N1) virus, more commonly known as the swine flu, in Sweden and Germany. Based on the recognition that these countries, for all intents and purposes, are very similar it is the aim of this essay to understand how the results of their respective securitization processes could be so widely different. This study is cond

Årtionden efter att internationella klimatförhandlingar inleddes tampas världen fortfarande med den grundläggande frågeställningen hur klimatåtgärder skall mobiliseras. Samtidigt stiger kostnaderna till följd av vår passivitet. Det har visat sig nästintill omöjligt för det internationella samfundet att göra upp om ett gemensamt, bindande regelverk för klimatpåverkan. Även på regional och lokal nivSeveral decades after the initiation of international climate change negotiations, the world still struggles with the issue of how to mobilize climate action. In the meantime, the costs of inaction rise to unprecedented heights. It has proven more than difficult – even impossible for the international society to agree upon a binding common framework, and also on regional and local levels are regul

The purpose of this study was to examine how different Swedish municipalities proceeded to transform the sanction youth service to practice in the context of the laws, the preparatory works and the guidelines which concern the sanction. Semi-structured interviews were used to acquire the material along with a so-called interview guide, which consisted of a list of fairly specific themes that were

The Scanian Economic-Demographic Database (SEDD) at the Centre for Economic Demography (CED), Lund University was built to answer questions derived from previous research using macro data from 1749 onwards. It includes longitudinal micro data for a regional sample of rural, semi-urban, and urban parishes in southern Sweden from 1646 to 1968 for approximately 175,000 individuals. In addition to the

The transition of Escherichia coli from the exponential into the stationary phase of growth induces the stringent response, which is mediated by the rapid accumulation of the alarmone nucleotide (p)ppGpp produced by the enzyme RelA. The significance of RelA's functionality during the transition in the opposite direction, i.e. from the stationary phase into new exponential growth, is less well unde

This study evaluates the applicability of scaled reassigned spectrograms (ReSTS) on ultrasound radio frequency data obtained with a clinical linear array ultrasound transducer. The ReSTS's ability to resolve axially closely spaced objects in a phantom is compared to the classical cross-correlation method with respect to the ability to resolve closely spaced objects as individual reflectors using u

Rank and cardinality penalties are hard to handle in optimization frameworks due to non-convexity and discontinuity. Strong approximations have been a subject of intense study and numerous formulations have been proposed. Most of these can be described as separable, meaning that they apply a penalty to each element (or singular value) based on size, without considering the joint distribution. In t

Background and aim: Whether long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) improves survival in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is unclear. A recent study reported similar survival in ILD patients with severe hypoxemia on LTOT vs. moderate hypoxemia without LTOT, and proposed that LTOT could be indicated in ILD already at moderate hypoxemia. The aim of this study was to compare survival by severity of hypoxemia

BACKGROUND: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosome 1p is a common abnormality in both parathyroid tumors and pheochromocytomas. The recently characterized tumor suppressor gene RIZ1, located at 1p36, has emerged as a putative candidate to be involved in endocrine tumorigenesis.MATERIAL: Presence of allelic loss, promoter hypermethylation, and mutational aberrations of the RIZ1 gene were invest

Although co-infections and interactions of parasites are a very common phenomenon in the wild, information received from studies on avian Plasmodium spp. is scarce and fragmented due to its complex nature. Different interactions of parasites and domination of one parasite may have a detrimental effect on transmission success of another pathogen. Untangling these interactions and competitive behavi

Att planera lokal och regional kollektivtrafik i så kallade ’starka stråk’ – det vill säga att koncentrera infrastruktur och resurser till ett antal färre, men attraktivare stråk i en stad eller en region – är ett standardförfarande i samtida kollektivtrafikplanering. Så har inte alltid varit fallet dock. Denna avhandling visar hur organiseringen av beslutsfattande, planeringspraktiker och den rumPlanning local and regional public transport in so-called ’transit corridors’ – i.e., to concentrate infrastructure and resources to few, but more attractive corridors in a city or a region – is commonplace in contemporary public transport planning. This has not always been the case, however. In this thesis I analyze how transit corridors have come to dominate the policies and planning practices o

Objective: To study occupational groups and occupational exposure in association with chronic obstructive respiratory diseases. Methods: In early 2000s, structured interviews on chronic respiratory diseases and measurements of lung function as well as fractional expiratory nitric oxide (FENO) were performed in adult random population samples of Finland, Sweden and Estonia. Occupations were categor

Precarious employment (PE) is a well-known social determinant of health and health inequalities. However, as most previous studies have focused on physical and mental well-being, less is known about the social-related outcomes (ie, social precarity) associated with precarious arrangements. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether PE is associated with social precarity in a working po

Both disturbed sleep and lack of exercise can disrupt metabolism in pregnancy. Accelerometery was used to objectively assess movement during waking (physical activity) and movement during sleeping (sleep disturbance) periods and evaluated relationships with continuous blood glucose variation during pregnancy. Data was analysed prospectively. 15-women without pre-existing diabetes mellitus wore con