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We investigated integrative physiological responses to eupnoeic exercise (EX), rebreathing exercise (RB), dynamic apnoea (DA) and dynamic apnoea with cold-water face immersion (DAFI) in 20 healthy participants. Trials involved non-steady-state cycle exercise at 60 W for an average duration of 66 s. With increases in heart rate and stroke volume, EX and RB increased cardiac output compared with bas
Observational studies suggest that direct contact from healthcare to at-risk relatives may increase genetic counselling (GC) uptake as compared to family-mediated risk disclosure, but randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking. This study assessed whether the offer of direct letters to relatives at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) or Lynch syndrome increases GC uptake compa
Aims: To examine the separate associations of glycemic control and chronic kidney disease with hospitalization days over one year in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study using retrospective data on T2D patients in Region Halland, Sweden, during 2020. Data from the Region Halland database included hospitalizations, emergency visits, primary care encoun
Aims: Drug–gene interactions (DGIs) modify drug response and safety, yet their influence on diabetic microvascular complications remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of DGIs in these complications. Materials and Methods: Using UK Biobank (UKB) data, we identified medications frequently prescribed to individuals with diabetes and defined DGIs based on the Food and Drug Administra
Introduction: Suturing is a fundamental component of surgical procedures, wherein training emphasises the significance of gentle tissue handling. The suturing process involves the pressure exerted by the forceps onto the tissue, as well as the medial traction force applied to stabilise the tissue during the needle bite. This study examined the forces involved in tissue handling during suturing, co
Background: We aimed to assess the risk of serious infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exposed to different advanced therapies. Methods: We linked nationwide registers and compared rates of incident serious infections in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exposed to medical therapies versus matched general population comparators during 2007-2023
GOALS: To assess the incidence, type, and severity of infections in patients with IBD before and after starting thiopurine therapy.BACKGROUND: Thiopurines have been used for decades in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet real-world data regarding the extent and types of infections associated with their use are scarce.STUDY: We included all thiopurine-naive adults with IBD who in
Introduction: Using time-limited trials of low-dose, sustained-release morphine to reduce chronic breathlessness to evaluate net effects may generate opioid withdrawal symptoms if medication is ceased. This sub-study of a larger randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial aimed to evaluate if this occurred. Methods: People with modified Medical Research Council breathlessness scores of 3 or
Background: Understanding the factors influencing movement is essential to forecasting species persistence in a changing environment. Movement is often studied using mechanistic models, extrapolating short-term observations of individuals to longer-term predictions, but the role of weather variables such as air temperature and solar radiation, key determinants of ectotherm activity, are generally
Recent studies have shown increased concentration of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in pre-eclamptic women. Plasma hemopexin (Hpx) and alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) are hemoglobin scavenger proteins that protect against toxic effects of free heme released in the hemoglobin degradation process. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to analyze maternal plasma Hpx and A1M concentrations at 12–14, 18–20
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of evidence-based recommendations for the age at which women with a family history of cancers other than breast cancer should start breast cancer screening. METHODS: Using Swedish family cancer data sets, the authors conducted a nationwide cohort study including 5,099,172 Swedish women born after 1931 (follow-up, 1958-2015). Accounting for calendar time, they calculated
Background: Total pancreatectomy has high morbidity and mortality and differences among countries are currently unknown. This study compared the use and postoperative outcomes of total pancreatectomy among 4 Western countries. Methods: Patients who underwent one-stage total pancreatectomy were included from registries in the United States, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (2014–2018). Use of t
Objective. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to atherosclerosis, preceded by arterial stiffness. We aimed to examine common carotid artery (CCA) biomechanical properties using ultrasound to calculate β stiffness index (indicating arterial stiffness) and, a more recently developed technique, 2-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking st
Background: Presently, 1 in 4 Lebanese adolescents is involved in bullying, with 12% being perpetrators. In Lebanon, around 90% of bullying incidents occur in schools. Given the lack of studies tackling bullying perpetration in Lebanon, this study aims to identify and target risk factors of bullying perpetration among Lebanese adolescents, which would serve future prevention and intervention progr
Background and purpose — Meniscal repair may reduce long-term risk of knee osteoarthritis compared with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), whereas patient-reported outcomes may be poorer at short term than for APM. We compared patient-reported outcomes in young adults undergoing meniscal repair or APM up to ∼5 years after surgery. Patients and methods — We included 150 patients aged 18–40 ye
BACKGROUND: Emerging data support the use of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) activity as a prognostic marker and for monitoring of response in breast cancer (BC). The long-term prognostic value of TK1 kinetics during neoadjuvant chemotherapy is unclear, which this study aimed to elucidate. METHODS: Material from patients enrolled to the single-arm prospective PROMIX trial of neoadjuvant epirubicin, docet
PURPOSE: To study practice patterns in European cataract surgery over a 10-year period. SETTING: European clinics affiliated to the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO). DESIGN: Registry cohort study. METHODS: The EUREQUO contains preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters reported by surgeons in many European clinics. All data reporte
CONTEXT: Psychiatric symptoms are common in Cushing's disease (CD) and seem only partly reversible following treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate drug dispenses associated to psychiatric morbidity in CD patients before treatment and during long-term follow-up. DESIGN: Nationwide longitudinal register-based study. SETTING: University Hospitals in Sweden. SUBJECTS: CD patients diagnosed between 1990
OBJECTIVES: Hypertension and diabetes are common and are both associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate associations between mortality risk and country of birth among hypertensive individuals in primary care with and without concomitant diabetes, which has not been studied previously. In addition, we aimed to study the corresponding risks of myocardial in
