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Thirty clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 20 of which were multidrug-resistant (MDR), were tested for susceptibility to different combinations of amoxycillin, clavulanic acid and subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol. beta-Lactamase production was assessed semiquantitatively with the nitrocefin method and susceptibility testing was performed with the BACTEC method. All isolates
The rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene consists of four short 5'-exons linked to separate promoters and one 3'-exon encoding the mature BDNF protein. Using in situ hybridization we demonstrate here that kindling-induced seizures, cerebral ischaemia and insulin-induced hypoglycaemic coma increase BDNF mRNA levels through insult- and region-specific usage of three promoters within the
In response to the pressures of predation, parasitism and competition for limited resources, several groups of (mainly) tropical bees and wasps have independently evolved a nocturnal lifestyle. Like their day-active (diurnal) relatives, these insects possess apposition compound eyes, a relatively light-insensitive eye design that is best suited to vision in bright light. Despite this, nocturnal be
The therapeutic application of siRNA shows promise as an alternative approach to small-molecule inhibitors for the treatment of human disease. However, the major obstacle to its use has been the difficulty in delivering these large anionic molecules in vivo. In this study, we have investigated whether siRNA-mediated knockdown of p38 MAP kinase mRNA in mouse lung is influenced by conjugation to the
Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that calcium-regulating hormones-parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D-may be associated with breast cancer risk. No prospective cohort study has investigated the association between pre-diagnostic calcium levels and subsequent risk of breast cancer. We have examined this in a cohort of 7,847 women where serum calcium levels and established risk f
The effect of induction of protein production was studied in bioreactor cultures of T. reesei strain Rut-C30 and its transformant expressing endoglucanase I core domain (EGI, Cel7B) fused with a hydrophobic peptide tag. The tag was previously designed for efficient purification of the fusion protein in aqueous two-phase separation. The fungi were first grown on glucose-containing minimal medium af
A dosimetry system based on radioluminescence (RL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) from carbon doped aluminium oxide (Al2O3:C) crystals was developed for in vivo absorbed dose measurements in mammography. A small cylindrical crystal of Al2O3:C (diameter 0.48 mm and length 2 mm) was coupled to the end of a 1 mm diameter optical fibre cable. Owing to their small size and characteristic s
The purpose of this project is to explore craftsman- ship, trying to find out how the use of it can become an integrated part of my design process. The initial part of the project is dedicated to research on the top- ic of what craftsmanship is. The research is conducted through literature review, study visits and market research. The project has an exploratory phase whereby I make experiment
The aim of this qualitative study was to examine how university students experience stress and how they described that the stress affected their academic performance and health. Furthermore, what kind of coping strategies the students used to manage their stress and due to that how well they worked. This was examined through the experiences of four university students at different colleges in Skån
Molasses is a low value by-product from sugar production that is usually used for animal feed, bioethanol fermentation, and yeast growth substrate. Even though it is a by-product and most of the sugar have been taken out the molasses still contains a fair amount of sugar that can be used for production of HMF, a biobased platform chemical with many areas of application, for example as a feedstock
Om ett brott som hör under allmänt åtal har begåtts ska förundersökning inledas och bedrivas i syfte att ta fram material som gör det möjligt för åklagaren att fatta beslut i åtalsfrågan. Till sin hjälp att bedriva en effektiv utredning har polis och åklagare möjlighet att använda straffprocessuella tvångsmedel. De straffprocessuella tvångsmedlen ger polis och åklagare rätt att använda åtgärder soIf an offense subject to public prosecution has been committed a preliminary investigation shall be initiated and carried out in order to optain materials to make it possible for the prosecutor to decide on the prosecution issue. To assist the police and prosecutors to conduct an effective investigationt they have the option of using coercive measures. The coercive measures give police and prosecu
En domstol är skyldig att genom s.k. materiell processledning verka för att ett mål blir tillräckligt utrett. Kravet gäller under hela rättegången och i alla instanser. Mitt syfte med denna uppsats är att fastställa hur långtgående materiell processledning i dispositiva tvistemål bör vara och vilka omständigheter som bör spela in när omfattningen av sådan processledning i enskilda fall bestäms. D
Popular science summary Do metformin and phenformin cause toxicity to mitochondria of human blood cells? Metformin and phenformin are anti-diabetic drugs associated with lactic acidosis as a rare side effect. This side effect is thought to be due to drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In this project, the mitochondrial toxicity of metformin and phenformin was assessed in human blood cells. I
This thesis is divided into two parts (1&2) with different but related scopes, they are both partly a response to Volvo Truck Australia's (VTA) wish to improve their supply chain. In 1998 this wish resulted in a global benchmark, of VTA's total inbound transports, being submitted to 13 global transporting companies. Being one of the responding companies, Volvo Transport delegated the d
My intention was to explore the childhood of children and adolescents within the religious organization of Jehovah´s Witnesses, in Sweden. I used a technique where I interviewed three active witnesses and four former members. The former members either had left the religion freely or had been excluded by the movement. I wanted to know more from those two different perspectives, because they often s
The story of Jonathan and David is a part of the deuteronomical view of Israels history from the occupation of the holy land all the way to the exile in Babylon. I am aware of that this is not true history, but it is nevertheless interesting to ask oneself: Why are those people a part of the deuteronomical history? What was the meaning in telling the story in this way? Exegetes and researchers ar
North Korea is considered to be the most autocratic dictatorship in the world today. Its citizens are denied their most basic human rights and North Koreas ambition to pursue nuclear weapons is looked upon with great fear from the international community and the US in particular. Some experts say that the threat from North Korea is far greater than the one possessed by Saddam Hussein. Although Nor
This is a brief inquiry into the stories of young Westerners who have chosen to travel to Dharamsala India and participate in activities related to self-inquiry and spirituality, as presented through a Buddhist context. The main question to be researched in this thesis is WHY would a diverse group of international young and middle-aged adults choose to spend time, money and comfort traveling to a
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis remains a leading infectious cause of death in resource-limited settings. Effective treatment is the cornerstone of tuberculosis control, reducing mortality, recurrence and transmission. Supporting treatment adherence through facility-based observations of medication taking can be costly to providers and patients. Digital adherence technologies (DATs) may facilitate treatm
