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Background and aims Curative surgery saves ≈50% of all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) while remaining patients have synchronous or will develop metachronous metastases. Presently, the single most important prognostic factor is histopathological detection of disseminated tumor cells in regional lymph nodes. However, the routine method has several limitations. The aim was to identify biomarke
Background: The risk of sustaining a contra-lateral anterior cruciate ligament (C-ACL) injury after primary unilateral ACL injury is high. C-ACL injury often contributes to a further decline in function and quality of life, including failure to return to sport. There is, however, very limited knowledge about which risk factors that contribute to C-ACL injury. Objective: To systematically review in
Concussion is a frequent injury in many sports and is also common in para athletes. However, there is a paucity of concussion research related to para sport, and prior International Concussion in Sport (CIS) consensus papers have not substantively addressed this population. To remedy this and to improve concussion care provided to para athletes, the concussion in para sport (CIPS) multidisciplinar
Mobility restrictions are among actions to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and have been pointed as reasons for improving air quality, especially in large cities. However, it is crucial to assess the impact of atmospheric conditions on air quality and air pollutant dispersion in the face of the potential variability of all sources. In this study, the impact of mobility restrictions on
IntroductionConsidering that on average in developed countries we spend about 65% of our time in private homes, understanding the exposures in homes is of outmost importance. Aerosol concentrations indoors come from indoor sources, infiltrate from outdoors and can be formed from precursors both of indoor and outdoor origin. Several characteristics and processes influence the properties of aerosols
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), in which inflammatory activity has a crucial role. The manifestation of OSA varies significantly between individuals in clinical cohorts; not all adults with OSA demonstrate the same set of symp-toms; i.e., excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and/or increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers. The further explor
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) can probe the tissue microstructure but suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) whenever high resolution is combined with high diffusion encoding strengths. Low SNR leads to poor precision as well as poor accuracy of the diffusion-weighted signal; the latter is caused by the rectified noise floor and can be observed as a positive bias in magnitude signal. Super-resolution
Non-traditional stable isotope systems are increasingly used to study micronutrient cycling and acquisition in terrestrial ecosystems. We previously proposed for zinc (Zn) a conceptual model linking observed isotope signatures and fractionations to biogeochemical processes occurring in the rice soil environment and we suggested that 2’deoxymugineic acid (DMA) could play an important role for rice
BackgroundThe relationship between sleeping habits and aortic stiffness remains inconclusive and is not fully explored in the European general population.MethodsWe examined cross-sectionally 8659 participants from the Swedish population-based cohort Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), mean age 57.5 years, 52.1% women. A self-administered questionnaire on sleeping habits (duration, qua
Introduction Despite the improvements in diabetes management by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) it is difficult to capture the complexity of CGM data in one metric. We aimed to develop a clinically relevant multidimensional scoring model with the capacity to identify the most alarming CGM episodes and/or patients from a large cohort. Research design and methods Retrospective CGM data from 2017
Despite diagnostic algorithms, identification of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in emergency departments (ED) remains a challenge. We evaluated symptoms, background, and laboratory data in 27,647 ED patients presenting with pain, swelling, or other symptoms from the extremities, and identified predictors of VTE diagnosis within one year. Predictors of a clinical decision to perform phlebography, ult
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Methods: An individual participant data meta-analysis was performed to report on the strength of association and diagnostic accuracy of different ultrasound signs in detecting CoA prenatally. MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched for studies published between January 2000 and Nove
The increasing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and shift away from fossil fuels has raised an interest for methanol. Methanol can be produced from renewable sources and can drastically lower soot emissions from compression ignition engines (CI). As a result, research and development efforts have intensified focusing on the use of methanol as a replacement for diesel in CI engines. The issu
Purpose: The postponement principle concerns defining when and where value is added, usually referring to hardware components for physical products. However, in modern supply chains, software’s importance is increasing, impacting the timing and location of value-adding operations. Lacking insights into software-driven implications for postponement, we aim at elaborating on the postponement princip
Accurate methods to preoperatively characterize adnexal tumors are pivotal for optimal patient management. A recent meta-analysis concluded that the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) algorithms such as the Simple Rules are the best approaches to preoperatively classify adnexal masses as benign or malignant. We sought to develop and validate a model to predict the risk of malignancy in ad
Background: Trauma to the pancreas is rare but associated with significant morbidity. Currently available management guidelines are based on low-quality evidence and data on long-term outcomes is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and patient-reported long-term outcomes for pancreatic injury. Methods: A retrospective cohort study evaluating treatment for pancreatic inju
Objective This scoping review examines how different levels and types of partial foot amputation affect gait and explores how these findings may affect the minimal impairment criteria for wheelchair tennis.Methods Four databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched in February 2021 for terms related to partial foot amputation and ambulation. The search was updated
BACKGROUND: Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion MRI (dMRI) have been associated with cell density and tissue anisotropy across tumors, but it is unknown whether these associations persist at the microscopic level.PURPOSE: To quantify the degree to which cell density and anisotropy, as determined from histology, account for the intra-tumor variability of MD and FA in
Aims: Estimation of prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been influenced by that various risk stratification models use different numbers of prognostic parameters, as well as the lack of a comprehensive and time-saving risk assessment calculator. We therefore evaluated the various European Society of Cardiology (ESC)-/European Respiratory Society (ERS)-based three-and four-strata
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling studeras ledningsförmågan hos nanometer-stora kvantprickar tillverkade i halvledarmaterial. Halvledare är material vars ledningsförmåga ligger någonstans mellan ledare (metaller) och isolatorer. I halvledare kan ledningsförmågan ändras med elektriska fält, vilket har möjliggjort utvecklandet av halvledartransistorn. Utvecklandet av halvledartransistorThis thesis focuses on electron transport in single and double quantum dots defined in low-dimensional, narrow-band-gap III-V semiconductor materials. Fabrication schemes are presented for defining single and double quantum dots in lateral InGaAs/InP heterostructures, either by a combination of etching and local gating or solely by local top gating. The quantum dots are here electrostatically conf
