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A good software architecture is becoming recognized as a major factor for successful products. There has been much research on the technical aspects of software architecture and it is recognized that the driving requirements for architectures are "non-functional", but few have studied how organizations decide on architectural changes. In this paper we study the topic through several case studies.
A full-scale in-line primary sludge hydrolysis experiment was conducted in one out of four primary settlers at the Klagshamn Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) to test if the wastewater quality can be improved in terms of providing easily accessible carbon for possible pre-denitrification and the reduction of external carbon sources. The amount of easily accessible carbon produced, in the form of t
In the present study, one type of uniformly nanostructured surface (NPDS) was modified by electrophoretic deposition. Two kinds of micro/nanostructured surfaces (FLS1 and FLS2) were fabricated on copper surfaces by femtosecond laser processing. The micro/nanostructured surfaces were further modified by electrophoretic deposition. Afterwards, composite micro/nanostructured surfaces (CS1 and CS2) we
An important component of the carbon cycle is the lateral flow of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from terrestrial ecosystems to streams and rivers. The fate of this carbon depends very much on the bioavailability of DOC (BDOC), which may determine whether DOC is returned to the atmosphere as CO2 or deposited in sediments. This study focuses on the linkages between stream DOC composition, optical c
Svensk tillverkningsindustri bidrar till ca 16 % (Statistics Sweden 2016) av bruttonationalprodukten och medverkar till att ca 900 000 av landets invånare har en anställning (Produktion2030 2016), vilket gör sektorn till en viktig del av Sveriges välfärdssystem. Forskningen syftar främst till att ge industrin verktyg för att analysera och utvärdera produktion för resurseffektivare och lönsammare tIn today’s global market, the industry is struggling every day to make the “correct decisions”. Decisions concerning production can range from smaller improvements to choice tool or equipment investments to relocation of entire production facilities. Increasing globalization leads to both opportunities and challenges, driving the need for fact-based decision-support including costs to be able to e
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between socioeconomic status, occupation and hospitalization for Parkinson's disease (PD).METHODS: A nationwide database was constructed by linking the Swedish Census to the Hospital Discharge Register to obtain data on all first adult hospitalizations for PD diagnosed in Sweden during the study period from 1987 t
This work presented and optimization scheme for daylighting, heating and thermal comfort objectives in a highly insulated apartment, while varying different geometrical aspects of external windows (number, shape, size, position). To satisfy all objectives simultaneously, a large number of design iterations was evaluated by the use of the SPEA2 genetic algorithm as it is implemented on the Octopus
The systematic review of universities and social innovations was carried out by placing universities within the broad framework of social innovation. Focus on social innovation as a response to development and societal problems, the review adopted a three-prong approach by analysing the drivers, process and impact of social innovations in the three core missions of universities: teaching, research
Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify and understand the role of facility services in the environmental performance of existing office buildings. Design/methodology/approach: The study observes how a facilities management (FM) service provider develops its service processes to meet environmental efficiency objectives. The environmental objectives are adopted from a commonly used green buil
Numerous applications all the way from biology and physics to economics depend on the density of first crossings over a boundary. Motivated by the lack of general purpose analytical tools for computing first-passage time densities (FPTDs) for complex problems, we propose a new simple method based on the independent interval approximation (IIA). We generalise previous formulations of the IIA to inc
We present spatially and spectrally resolved emission from nanowires with a thin radial layer of GaAs embedded in AlGaAs barriers, grown radially around taper-free GaAs cores. The GaAs layers are thin enough to show quantization, and are quantum wells. Due to their shape, they are referred to as quantum well tubes (QWTs). We have investigated three different nominal QWT thicknesses: 1.5, 2.0, and
The objective was to investigate if diffusing laser fibres can be modelled as conductive heat sources without miscalculating coagulated volumes, and if finite element analysis, disregarding light transport, may be used for three dimensional (3D) treatment planning in interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). Temperature distributions and coagulated volumes with a diffusing laser fibre, as compared t
This article presents a glossary of terms that are frequently used in research onhuman crowds. This topic is inherently multidisciplinary as it includes work in and across computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, psychology and social science, for example. We do not view the glossary presented here as a collection of finalised and formal definitions. Instead, we suggest it is a snapsho
Complications of diabetes include sensory and autonomic neuropathy. The aim of the present paper was to study the degree of sensory and autonomic neuropathy and correlate these findings with the distribution and density of neuropeptidergic nerve fibers in the skin of the forearm of diabetic patients and healthy controls. We investigated 30 diabetics (24 type 1 and 6 type 2) and compared them with
CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA ASSOCIATED with subarachnoid hemorrhage may have severe consequences for neuronal functioning. The excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters glutamate and aspartate have been shown to he of particular importance for ischemia and ischemic neuronal damage. For seven patients who underwent early surgery for ruptured intracranial aneurysms, intracerebral microdialysis of glutamate and
A model to simulate long-term beach-dune evolution due to interacting longshore and cross-shore sediment transport processes is developed and tested. The work builds on a cross-shore model (CSM) previously developed at Lund University and includes changes to the equations describing aeolian transport and morphological evolution. The modifications are mainly based on existing conceptual geomorpholo
The effect of the buffer formulation in terms of buffer identity and ionic strength on the interaction between chicken egg lysozyme and carboxyl-modified polystyrene nanoparticles has been systematically studied. The time evolution of the fluorescence of a reporter molecule shows that lysozyme interacts with the nanoparticles in all the studied conditions. The interaction results in changes in pro
Popular Abstract in English Global invasion of our precious watercourses by cyanobacteria poses great threat to human- and animal health by deteriorating water systems. In fact, this problem is not likely to be solved in the near future as cyanobacteria are associated with pollution of waterways. Consequently, water sources are subject to contamination by natural toxins produced by abundant growthCyanobacteria blooms are a water menace since they produce potent toxins that have been implicated in poisonings and deaths of humans and animals after consumption or contact with cyanotoxin-contaminated water. Of particular concern are cyanotoxins called microcystins, which are hepatotoxic cyclic peptides known to promote development of liver tumors in humans and animals. The high toxicity and in
This article explores the practical implementation of two innovative projects in Denmark and Sweden. The research is motivated by the high political interest for innovations as a modern quick fix to societal problems. Innovations are regarded as an all-round solution; however, research has mainly been focused on technical and economical factors without considering social problem solving. Utilizing
