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This thesis comprises three papers studying several mathematical models related to geometric Markov processes and random processes with reinforcements. The main goal of these works is to investigate the dynamics as well as the limiting behaviour of the models as time goes to infinity, the existence of invariant measures and limiting distributions, the speed of convergence and other interesting rel
This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the divers
Background: Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health, particularly among young adults. Knowledge about how young people maintain their mental health while in a precarious employment situation is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of precarious employment for young adults in Sweden and their strategies for maintaining good mental health. Methods: In-depth i
To better understand how to structure interdisciplinary education, there is a need to study and learn from programmes at all levels in the academic system. While considerable effort has been devoted into examining bachelor’s and master’s programmes, the challenges and rewards of doctoral programmes receive less attention. In this chapter, we present the LUCID Ph.D. research school as an example of
The emergence of modern, affordable and accurate RGB-D sensors increases the need for single view approaches to estimate 3-dimensional motion, also known as scene flow. In this paper we propose a coarse-to-fine, dense, correspondence-based scene flow formulation that relies on explicit geometric reasoning to account for the effects of large displacements and to model occlusion. Our methodology enf
We present the fabrication and characterization of single mode waveguides fabricated monolithically in SU-8. SU-8 is a negative resist, which can be structured by UV lithography followed by a baking step to induce cross-linking. As a material platform, SU-8 is well suited for systems used for biochemical analysis, as it possesses very high chemical resistance and good mechanical stability. Here we
The process stability of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsions stabilized with food-grade OSA modified quinoa starch granules was investigated. The effect of oils with differing melting points, as well as the effect of in situ partial gelatinization of the granules, on stability of emulsions was also investigated. The physical stability and release of a tracer (carmine) from the internal
Describing the biotic and abiotic processes that are responsible for the formation of spatial patterns in predators and their prey is crucial for improving our understanding of food-web interactions. We studied the spatial distribution of four abundant spider species and three common groups of epedaphic Collembola prey in a beech-dominated (Fagus sylvatica) forest floor habitat and related the obs
Crystallisation of barium carbonate from alkaline silica solutions results in the formation of extraordinary micron-scale architectures exhibiting non-crystallographic curved shapes, such as helical filaments and worm-like braids. These so-called "silica biomorphs" consist of a textured assembly of uniform elongated witherite nanocrystallites, which is occasionally sheathed by a skin of amorphous
This paper presents the development of an experimentally validated model that mechanistically comprehends the complex interaction between the gas-phase fluid dynamics, the mass transport of individual species, and the heterogeneous gas-surface reaction mechanism in a continuous cross-flow atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor. The developed ALD gas-surface reaction mechanism, purely based on conse
BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents emphasizes the necessity to develop evidence-based treatment programs that are useful in a clinical setting. AIMS: The overall aim of the thesis was to develop and evaluate multidisciplinary approaches for management of children and adolescents with obesity. The focus was on generalizability of the treatment in a clinical setti
We study how processing states alternate during information search tasks. Inference is carried out with a discriminative hidden Markov model (dHMM) learned from eye movement data, measured in an experiment consisting of three task types: (i) simple word search, (ii) finding a sentence that answers a question and (iii) choosing a subjectively most interesting title from a list of ten titles. The re
Nanocrystalline Cr2O3 thin films were deposited on silicon wafers with (100) orientation by arc ion plating (AIP) technique at various negative bias voltages. By virtue of X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope, and high-resolution transmission electron microscope, the influence of substrate bias voltage on the film growth process, microstructure, and characteristics was investig
Dispossession and displacement have made their imprint on the lives of uncounted millions, and continue to pose the gravest threat to security for many more. The ascent of neoliberalism to global hegemony in recent decades – in all its multifarious and contextually path-dependent varieties – has radically changed the landscape of human vulnerability and security. Its successes in massive global an
This paper shows the importance of adopting a wide perspective when analysing packaging and logistics and of having an understanding of how the package is related to logistics activities. It also exemplifies and discusses the importance of understanding the logistics chain and making sure that all parts of the logistics chain work together and support each other. The packages are good examples of
A large amount of scientific work has been carried out to enhance the methods used for design and control of technical systems. For many of these systems, the main objective is to utilize the limited resources in an optimal way. Different simulation techniques have, in many cases, been successfully applied to the analysis. When working with technical systems, it is important to have a common notat
In this work, the interfacing of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-phosphate aqueous two-phase system with hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) for primary recovery of an intracellular protein was evaluated. As a model protein, a recombinant cutinase furnished with a tryptophan-proline (WP) peptide tag was used and produced intracellularly in Escherichia coli (E. coli). E. coli cell homogenate
Biological and physical processes in the Arctic system operate at various temporal and spatial scales to impact large-scale feedbacks and interactions with the earth system. There are four main potential feedback mechanisms between the impacts of climate change on the Arctic and the global climate system: albedo, greenhouse gas emissions or uptake by ecosystems, greenhouse gas emissions from metha
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna doktorsavhandling syftar till att identifiera och tolka förändringar i den marina miljön, avspeglade i Gotlands siluriska berggrund. Silurperioden (ca 444-416 miljoner år sedan) har traditionellt beskrivits som ett tidsintervall med ett varmt växthusklimat och hög global havsnivå med små miljömässiga förändringar i den marina miljön. Under det senaste decenniet haThis thesis treats the Silurian carbonate platforms of Gotland, Sweden, which formed close to the equator within the East Baltic Basin. Three different time intervals, all involving changes in facies composition and structure of the platforms, have been studied; Late Homerian, latest Homerian ? earliest Gorstian, and late Ludfordian, respectively. Two of the intervals, the Late Homerian and the la
