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Purpose: Real-time dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) tracking for management of intrafraction tumor motion can be challenging for highly modulated beams, as the leaves need to travel far to adjust for target motion perpendicular to the leaf travel direction. The plan modulation can be reduced by using a leaf position constraint (LPC) that reduces the difference in the position of adjacent MLC lea

BACKGROUND: The OVHIPEC-1 trial previously showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery resulted in improved progression-free and overall survival compared with cytoreductive surgery alone at 4·7 years of follow-up in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer who were ineligible for primary cytoreduction. We report the fina

Early detection of Alzheimer's disease is essential to develop preventive treatment strategies. Detectible change in brain volume emerges relatively late in the pathogenic progression of disease, but microstructural changes caused by early neuropathology may cause subtle changes in the MR signal, quantifiable using texture analysis. Texture analysis quantifies spatial patterns in an image, such as

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether a prime-boost vaccination strategy, i.e., a dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and a dose of 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23), enhances antibody response compared to single PCV dose in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases treated with different immunosuppressive drugs and controls. METHODS: Patients receiving rituximab (n = 30), abatacept (n

The problem of antibiotic resistance is rising continuously, creating a warning signal that calls for finding alternatives. Not only that, but there is also a rising demand for natural food preservatives. The pharmaceutical and food industry sectors are working on fulfilling these needs. This thesis is exploring possible solutions to these issues. The research studies presented here introduce the

BACKGROUND: We investigated the potential associations between cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) levels of phosphorylated tau (P-tau) and total tau (T-tau) with short-term response to cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment, longitudinal outcome and progression rates in Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: This prospective, observational study included 129 participants clinically diagnosed with mild-to-m

Background: Optimal follow-up (FU) strategy to detect potentially curable (PC) recurrences after treatment of localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear. This study retrospectively analysed a large international database to determine recurrence patterns and overall survival (OS), as part of a wider project to issue recommendations on FU protocols. Objective: To analyse associatio

Case endings are an important marker of fuṣḥā but are by most native speakers considered complicated and difficult. They typically appear only sporadically even in the most formal speech styles. There has been relatively little academic interest in the use of case endings in speech. Research has been characterized by largely impressionistic accounts (Badawi 1973, Meiseles 1977) and more recently b

Since 1992 semi-continuous in-situ observations of greenhouse gas concentrations have been performed at the tall tower of Cabauw (4.927 degrees E, 51.971 degrees N, -0.7 ma.s.l.). Through 1992 up to now, the measurement system has been gradually extended and improved in precision, starting with CO2 and CH4 concentrations from 200 ma.g.l. in 1992 to vertical gradients at 4 levels of the gases CO2,

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett kärnkraftverk är utrustat med ett omfattande försvar avsett att förhindra radioaktivt utsläpp vid en eventuell reaktorolycka. Detta försvar är uppbyggt av ett antal skyddsbarriärer, där reaktorinneslutningen utgör den sista barriären mot omgivningen. Inneslutningens primära uppgift är att motstå det inre övertryck som kan förväntas vid en reaktorolycka. Alla svenskaA nuclear power plant is provided with an extensive defense intended to prevent radioactive discharge in case of a reactor accident. This defense is built up of several independent safety barriers, where the reactor containment constitutes the last barrier to the environment. The fundamental safety function of the containment is to withstand the internal pressure expected in the event of an accide

Contributions of changes in soil moisture to the projected climate change in the tropics at the end of the twenty first century are quantified using the simulations from five different global climate models, which contributed to the GLACE–CMIP5 experiment. “GLACE” refers to the Global Land Atmosphere Coupling Experiment and “CMIP5” to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. T

It is now becoming increasingly clear that free radicals contribute to brain damage in several conditions, such as hyperoxia and trauma. It has been more difficult to prove that free radical production mediates ischemic brain damage, but it has often been suggested that it may be a major contributor to reperfusion damage, observed following transient ischemia. Recent results demonstrate that cereb

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemofili A är en form av blödarsjuka som beror på en medfödd defekt av äggviteämnet faktor VIII (FVIII). FVIII spelar en viktig roll för att kroppens blodlevringsförmåga (s.k. koagulation) ska fungera optimalt och med nedsatt funktion hos FVIII riskerar man att drabbas av allvarliga blödningar i framför allt leder, men även i muskler, slemhinnor (t.ex. näsblödning) och Haemophilia A (HA) is caused by defective synthesis of coagulation factor VIII(FVIII), which has serious effects on haemostasis; joints being the most common site of bleeding. The development of FVIII replacements has improved the situation for patients with haemophilia such that chronic arthropathy can be prevented, and life expectancy and the quality of life have increased. However, approximatel

This study aimed to find out how the insulation of the footwear changes over one week of use. A thermal foot model with 8 measuring zones and 5 “sweat glands” was used for tests. A thin sock was donned on the model to allow better water distribution all over the foot surface. Four boots were tested over a period of 5 days. Each day was divided into 9 hour measurement period and 15 hour conditionin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stroke, eller slaganfall, är en sammanfattande benämning på sjukdomar som drabbar blodförsörjningen i hjärnan. Varje år insjuknar cirka 30000 personer i Sverige i stroke, av dessa drabbas cirka 15% av blödningar medan resterande 85% får infarkter, dvs blodpropp i hjärnan. Stroke upptar fler vårddagar i slutenvården än någon annan somatisk sjukdom. Medianåldern för insjuBackground Stroke is a serious vascular disorder that comprises intracerebral hemorrhages, subarachnoid hemorrhages and ischemic stroke (IS). The etiology of stroke, including hereditary components induced by cellular mechanisms, is therefore a research field of vital importance. The aim of this thesis was to assess possible genetic impact on stroke risk. We thus evaluated family history of strok

Popular Abstract in Swedish Nya möjligheter att förutsäga sjukdomsutvecklingen vid tidig ledgångsreumatism. I denna avhandling presenteras resultaten från sex studier av patienter med tidig reumatoid artrit (RA) – ledgångsreumatism. Syftet med avhandlingen var att i det tidiga sjukdomsskedet, så snart som möjligt efter diagnos, försöka skaffa information om hur sjukdomen kommer att utvecklas - om Objective: To investigate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) and antibodies to citrullinated proteins (anti-CCP) in predicting radiologic outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients: All patients were included in the BARFOT programme (baseline). The patients had rheumatoid arthritis of recent onset with mean disease duratio

SynopsisOptimized structures describing key features of the potential energy surface for water exchange at three planar d8 centers have been calculated using ab initio density functional theory. The local density approximation (LDA), including relativistic corrections for Pt, gives good agreement with the available experimental ground state structural data. LDA binding energies together with expli

To comply with the Paris Agreement and to deal with the threat caused by climate change, the Swedish Parliament has set ambitious targets for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions. For the transport sector, which accounts for 30 % of total GHG emissions, a milestone target is to reduce GHG emission by 70 % by 2030 compared to 2010 (2030 goal). Biofuels is in this respect considered decisive to reach the

We live in a busy world, where the demand of ready-to-eat (RTE) salad products has increased rapidly in a relatively short time. Despite of being an easy and fast way to add more vegetables to the daily diet, RTE salads have a serious underlying risk and the amount of vegetable-derived foodborne disease outbreaks has been increasing. The aim of the present study is to protect plants against contam

The aim of the project was to develop a methodology for the chromatographic analysis able to identify the key odorants in meaty food products. The approach was based on the analysis of an already in market product and the theoretical background of the meaty flavors sensorially. Firstly, a custom-made flavor was created for the experiments covering as much as possible a broad area of compounds prec