Filtyp
Type 1 diabetes is a complex disease characterized by the lack of endogenous insulin secreted from the pancreatic β-cells. Although β-cell targeted autoimmune processes and β-cell dysfunction are known to occur in type 1 diabetes, a complete understanding of the cell-to-cell interactions that support pancreatic function is still lacking. To characterize the pancreatic endocrine compartment, we stu
IntroductionFloods are the most common type of natural disaster worldwide and are projected to become morefrequent and more extreme. Cambodia is prone to annual, seasonal flooding. Floods impact health inmany ways and can disrupt the health system through destruction of infrastructure and loss ordiversion of human, economic and physical resources. Through knowledge acquisition and skillsdevelopmen
The National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association convened three separate work groups in 2011 and single work groups in 2012 and 2018 to create recommendations for the diagnosis and characterization of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present document updates the 2018 research framework in response to several recent developments. Defining diseases biologically, rather than based on synd
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient to production in various agricultural ecosystems and many soils contain large amounts of legacy P that is strongly adsorbed on iron (Fe) and aluminum oxides and therefore poorly available to plants. Here we investigate how much mineral-bound P is mobilized in different cropping systems and the influence of agronomic practices on this process. Root ingrowth cor
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common with a global prevalence of 4%. Dietary regimes with a low content of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyol (FODMAP) or a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD) have proven to be efficient. The aim of the present study was to describe the recruitment process for a randomized dietary trial with low FODMAP or SSRD for 4 weeks wi
Context. Among the thousands of exoplanets discovered to date, approximately a few hundred gas giants on short-period orbits are classified as 'lonely'and only a few are in a multi-planet system with a smaller companion on a close orbit. The processes that formed multi-planet systems hosting gas giants on close orbits are poorly understood, and only a few examples of this kind of system have been
This review focuses on the diagnosis and management of Parkinson-related pain which is one of the more frequently reported nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), which is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Pain is ranked high by patients as a troublesome symptom in all stages of the disease. In early-stage PD, pain is rated as the most bothersome sy
BACKGROUND: There are important unmet clinical needs to develop cell enrichment technologies to enable unbiased label-free isolation of both single cell and clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) manifesting heterogeneous lineage specificity. Here, we report a pilot study based on the microfluidic acoustophoresis enrichment of CTCs using the CellSearch CTC assay as a reference modality.METHODS
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of autoimmune diseases with inflammation affecting small blood vessels and includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). In this study, we investigated granulocyte and monocyte subsets in a large cohort of AAV patients with emphasis on disease activity and tendency to relapse. A
West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecosystems provide essential services to people and also play a significant role within the global carbon cycle. However, climate and land use are dynamically changing, and uncertainty remains with respect to how these changes will affect the potential of these regions to provide food and fodder resources or how they will affect the biosphere-atmosphere exchange
The CO2 efflux from soil (soil respiration (SR)) is one of the largest fluxes in the global carbon (C) cycle and its response to climate change could strongly influence future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Still, a large divergence of global SR estimates and its autotrophic (AR) and heterotrophic (HR) components exists among process based terrestrial ecosystem models. Therefore, alternatively de
Accurate precipitation data are crucial for hydrological modelling and rainwater runoff management. Precipitation variability exists through a wide range of spatial and temporal scales and cannot be captured well using sparse rain gauge networks. This limitation is further emphasised for urban and mountainous catchments, especially under global warming, causing an increased frequency of extreme ev
Background: Health professions education programs are tasked with designing curricula to effectively andefficiently equip their graduates with the required competences and life-long learning skills needed fortoday’s fast-paced, knowledge intensive society. Continuous monitoring and improving of educationalquality is essential to attain these goals. Quality assurance is multi-faceted and requires t
BACKGROUND: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulates brain health and cognition, which can interfere with executive cognitive function. BDNF was implicated with microcirculatory ischemia and may reflect cardiomyocyte injury. We aimed to determine whether prospective changes (%Δ) in BDNF and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) will be associated with executive cognitive function in a bi-ethnic coho
Avhandlingen är en sammanläggning av fyra artiklar om universell utformning i praktiken. Att designa för alla människor är en vägledande princip som Sveriges riksdag och regering beslutat om som del av implementeringen av FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Avhandlingen bidrar med kunskap om förståelse, genomförande och samskapande gällande universell utformning. The thesis is a compilation of four articles and deals with Universal design in practice. This concept for designing for all is according to the Swedish Parliament and Government a guiding principle for the society. It is part of the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The thesis contributes with knowledge about the understanding, implementation and co-c
Background: Postoperative management after surgery for perforated peptic ulcer is still burdened by old traditions. All available data for fast-track recovery in this setting are either very unspecific or underpowered. The aim of this study was to evaluate fast-track recovery in this diagnosis-specific context in a larger sample. Methods: Electronic data sources were searched. Eligible studies wer
Background: Haematopoietic stem cells expressing the CD34 surface marker have been posited as a niche for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacilli during latent tuberculosis infection. Our aim was to determine whether M tuberculosis complex DNA is detectable in CD34-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from asymptomatic adults living in a setting with a high tuberculosis
I denna rapport redovisas populationstrender för 178 svenska fågelarter för åren 1975–2013. Fåglarna har räknats på vintern och på sommaren enligt strikt standardiserade metoder. Sommar- respektive vinterpunktrutter har räknats sedan 1975, i huvudsak i södra Sverige. Standardrutterna räknas också på sommaren (sedan 1996) men täcker hela Sverige. Vintern 2012/2013 räknades 130 000 fåglar av 128 artWe present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2013 include data from 580 winter point count routes in 2012/2013 (38th winter), of which 295 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count and 273 summer point count routes (39th
Popular Abstract in Swedish Svensk sammanfattning Inflammation är kroppens svar på yttre störning. Det inflammatoriska svaret är nödvändigt för att bekämpa infektioner, t.ex. med bakterier. Å andra sidan orskar det inflammatoriska svaret mycket skada när det aktiveras utan närvaro av infektioner, tex vid astma, reumatism, blodförgiftning och inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom. Akut inflammation karaktäriMigration of leukocytes from the circulating blood into the extravascular tissue is a key component in inflammatory reactions. Leukocyte extravasation (rolling-activation-adhesion-transmigration) is strictly coordinated by adhesion molecules and chemokines expressed on cell surfaces and in tissues. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is pleiotrophic cytokine, which plays an important role in t
Popular Abstract in English Fish are an excellent source of healthy protein and fat in the human nutrition. However, the fisheries cannot supply enough of fish to satisfy the demand of a growing world’s population. Sustainable aquaculture can help feeding the growing world. This business is growing every year, and together with it the fish farms and fish feed factories are growing. This created thAs aquaculture expands, the volume of fish feed produced and transported must also increase. Therefore a better understanding and increased control of the factors that influence the physical quality of feed pellets is required. To achieve this goal, reliable methods measuring the physical quality of feed are needed. The Holmen pellet tester (NHP 100) could be adapted for this purpose, but the spec
