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Identification of genes controlling complex diseases has proven to be difficult; however, animal models may pave the way to determine how low penetrant genes interact to promote disease development. We have dissected the Cia5/Eae3 susceptibility locus on mouse chromosome 3 previously identified to control disease in experimental models of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Congenic strai

Aims/hypothesis. Conformation-dependent autoantibodies directed against GAD65 are markers of Type 1 diabetes. In this study we aimed to determine whether the substitution of GAD65 with GAD67 amino acids would affect the binding of conformation-dependent GAD65 autoantibodies. Methods. We used PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis to generate a series of mutated GAD65 cDNA constructs in which specific

Popular Abstract in Swedish Betydelsen av fysiskt kapital är något som ofta understryks i allmänna ordalag i den ekonomisk-historiska litteraturen. Väldigt få undersökningar har däremot försökt att kvantifiera och analysera det fysiska kapitalets betydelse för ekonomisk tillväxt under den svenska industrialiseringsprocessen. Det gäller i synnerhet på branschnivå. En sådan studie genomförs därför iThe significance of physical capital is often mentioned in general terms in economic history literature. In this study the amount of physical capital is calculated and its significance for industrial growth is analysed for the period 1870-1930. The largest and most important part of this thesis consists of constructions of capital stocks for industry as a whole and on the branch level. These cons

We describe the detectors for identification of charged particles and fragments in CHICSi, a large solid angle multitelescope system mounted inside an ultra-high vacuum (UHV), cluster-jet target chamber. CHICSi performs nuclear reaction experiments at storage rings. The telescopes consist of a first very thin, 10-14 mum Si detector, a second 300 mum (or possibly 500 pm) ion implanted Si detector s

The expression of TLRs on epithelial cells provides a first line of defense against invading pathogens. We investigated the regulated expression and function of TLR5 and TLR9 on human keratinocytes, because we found by immunohistochemistry that these TLRs are expressed in distinct layers of the epidermis. We found that TGF-alpha, a growth and differentiation factor that is present during wound hea

Abstract in French Cet article est basé sur l’analyse de deux corpus de français écrit langue étrangère par des apprenants suédois ; l’un transversal et l’autre longitudinal. Les deux corpus permettent des approches différentes, l’une de caractère linguistique mettant l’accent sur le profil développemental de l’accord en nombre ; l’autre plus cognitive analysant les aspects des connaissances expliThis article is based on an analysis of two corpora in French as a foreign language by Swedish learners; one cross-sectional and the other longitudinal. These two corpora lent themselves to different approaches: a linguistic approach which stressed the developmental profile of agreement in number; and a more cognitive approach which analyzed various aspects of explicit and implicit knowledge in th

The aim of this thesis is to study Swedish notions of the USA and of things American and through them the Swedish self-image and the ideas about the Swedish future as seen in public debate in the period c. 1900-1939, when the USA was the subject of a good deal of discussion as an up-and-coming nation of great importance but was not yet recognized as an indisputable super power. It tries to demonst

Glycosylation defects occur in several human diseases. In IgA nephropathy, IgA1 contains O-glycans that are galactose-deficient and consist mostly of core 1 alpha2,6 sialylated N-acetylgalactosamine, a configuration suspected to prevent beta1,3 galactosylation. We confirmed the same aberrancy in IgA1 secreted by the human DAKIKI B cell line. Biochemical assays indicated CMP-NeuAc:GalNAc-IgA1 alpha

Background: The spectrum of disorders of the brain is large, covering hundreds of disorders that are listed in either the mental or neurological disorder chapters of the established international diagnostic classification systems. These disorders have a high prevalence as well as short- and long-term impairments and disabilities. Therefore they are an emotional, financial and social burden to the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tunna skikt av olika material har en framträdande roll inom både vetenskap och teknik idag. Det bakomliggande intresset för denna typ av ytbeläggningar är främst möjligheten att kombinera egenskaper hos de tunna filmerna med övriga egenskaper från det underliggande materialet för att därigenom erhålla förbättrade kemiska, mekaniska eller elektriska egenskaper. Därutöver

Reading and writing skills are of crucial importance in modern society. Therefore, dyslexia is a significant handicap, not only in respect of lexical skills and processing of language-based information - it appears to have social consequences as well, as evidenced for instance by the high frequency of dyslexics among long-term unemployed people. One major research problem is that the term dyslexia

One of the major roles of seminal plasma is to provide antimicrobial protection for the spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract. We found that the bactericidal activity of seminal plasma was highest after resolution of the seminal clot and that this antibacterial activity subsequently became greatly diminished. The antibacterial activity was derived from peptides generated by fragmentation of

A system for naming ribosomal proteins is described that the authors intend to use in the future. They urge others to adopt it. The objective is to eliminate the confusion caused by the assignment of identical names to ribosomal proteins from different species that are unrelated in structure and function. In the system proposed here, homologous ribosomal proteins are assigned the same name, regard

Endotoxin exposure is associated with wheeze and asthma morbidity, while early life exposure may reduce risk of allergy and asthma. Unfortunately, it is difficult to compare endotoxin results from different laboratories and environments. We undertook this study to determine if lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) extraction efficiency could account for differences among laboratories. We generated and collect

By utilising the effect of interfacial curvature on the freezing-point of liquids confined in capillaries, it is in principle possible to determine a pore-size distribution, from the curve of freezing-point against volume frozen. The method is formally similar to capillary condensation methods based on the Kelvin equation. Suitable experimental techniques are described. A comparison with the resul

The aim of the present work was to gain better understanding of the mechanisms controlling heat and mass transfer during thermal processing of beefburgers. The effects of different factors such as the chemical composition and comminution of the meat raw material, the pan temperature and the meat patty diameter on the characteristics of heat and mass transfer were studied. The evolution of the char

Popular Abstract in Swedish Grundämnena tyngre än järns ursprung är en vital fråga inom historien on och evolutionen av vår galax. Grundämnena upp till och med järngruppen produceras huvudsakligen genom fusion inne i stjärnor som ger dem deras energi. De ännu tyngre grundämnena produceras istället huvudsakligen genom neutroninfångningsprocesser: Den svaga s-processen, huvud-s-processen och r-proceThe pedigree of the elements heavier than iron is a vital question in the history and evolution of our galaxy. The elements up to and including those of the iron group are produced mainly through fusion processes within stars, giving the stars their energy. The even heavier elements are instead mainly produced through neutron capture processes: weak s-process, main s-process and r-process. The wea

Using protons in the MeV region as excitation source and a high resolution Si(Li)-detector, X-ray analysis is capable of detecting many elements at the 10−12 g level simultaneously.

Background and aims: A large, national, long-term, longitudinal, multi-purpose study has been launched in Sweden - the Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC). The study involves four research centers collecting data in four different areas of Sweden. Methods: The study consists of two parts: the population part and the care and services part. In the population part, a large, representativ

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling är en studie av en grupp cypriska stenskulpturer som ställdes upp som votivgåvor i öns tempel och helgedomar under 500-talet f.Kr. Det som utmärker gruppen är att de bär cypriska versioner av karakteristisk egyptisk klädedräkt och smycken. För att kunna svara på frågor som varför denna egyptiserande votivtyp dedicerades på ön, varifrån impulserna kom ocThis thesis is a study of a particular limestone votive statuary type which was dedicated in the sanctuaries on Cyprus during the entire 6th century B.C. Common to the group of figures is that they are wearing a Cypriote version of an Egyptian-type outfit, including characteristic Egyptian royal headgear and jewelry. In order to be able to answer questions on the origin of the Egyptianizing iconog