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Aims: Economic simulation models, such as the IHE Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Model (IHE-DCM-T2), are used widely to inform resource allocation for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) treatments. Recently, IHE-DCM-T2 was augmented with Japanese-specific risk equations to align with the Japanese healthcare context. This study extends prior model validation of IHE-DCM-T2 to cover the Japanese risk equations for applic
The relevance of institutions for regional development has been well established in economic geography. In this context, local and regional governments play a central role, particularly through place-based and place-sensitive strategies. However, systematic and scalable insights into their priorities and strategies remain limited due to data availability. This paper develops a methodological appro
S100A8 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases and multiple types of cancer. Therefore, targeting the S100A8 function may alleviate the pathogenic process in various diseases. Here, specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies targeting recombinant S100A8 (rS100A8) were selected by phage display technique and characterized using cDNA sequencing, immu
OBJECTIVES: Asphalt is frequently used as road pavement and consists of bitumen as a binder, and fillers. Bitumen consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, where a minor component is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Many PAHs are classified as carcinogenic to humans. Bitumen fumes from road paving have been classified as possibly carcinogenic. Paving and milling are open processes gen
Background: Mental health problems are an increasing challenge for primary healthcare. It puts strain on the healthcare professionals with limited time and resources. In several countries, healthcare professionals can refer patients with mental health issues to structured arts programmes, namely Arts on Prescription (AoP). This study explores the qualitative findings from a 3-year study on Arts on
Advances in spring phenology (SOS) and increases in terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) are well-documented. However, the impact of an earlier SOS on the duration and rate of carbon uptake (GPPrate) during the early growing season (EGS) remains unclear, leaving the overall influence of these factors on EGS GPP uncertain. Using satellite and carbon flux data across the Northern Hemisphere,
While the ecological roles of colored integument have been extensively studied, what regulates global patterns of color variation remains poorly understood. Here, using a global dataset of 1249 squamates, we evaluate whether and how six key eco-environmental variables and their interactions shaped the evolutionary history of their coloration. We show that only habitat openness consistently associa
Introduction:The pulp and paper industry is a major global sector, with most mills focused on producing fibres and electricity. Converting these mills into lignocellulosic biorefineries can make them central to a circular bioeconomy. This involves optimizing wood use for fibres, biochemicals, biofuels, and advanced materials, while improving efficiency and reducing waste. This lecture explores mem
Background: Inhaled nanomaterials can translocate from the lungs into systemic circulation and reach the liver, which is the main secondary organ for nanomaterial uptake, potentially causing adverse effects. Understanding how inhaled nanomaterials localize within liver tissue is important for understanding their clearance mechanisms and potential toxicity. Previous in vivo studies have primarily f
Correlated electron physics is intrinsically a multiscale problem, since high-energy electronic states screen the interactions between the correlated electrons close to the Fermi level, thereby reducing the magnitude of the interaction strength and dramatically shortening its range. Thus the handling of screening is an essential ingredient in the first-principles modeling of correlated electron sy
Background: Aggregated alpha-Synuclein (αSyn) is a hallmark pathology in Parkinson’s disease but also one of the most common co-pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Preclinical studies suggest that αSyn can exacerbate tau aggregation, implying that αSyn co-pathology may specifically contribute to the Aβ-induced aggregation of tau that drives neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD. To in
Precise statistics about crop types and productions can support establishing more efficient decisions in the food security framework. The applicability of remote sensing imagery has been confirmed worldwide in crop-related studies. In this chapter, time series Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images were integrated, along with crop inventory, to generate crop-type maps in Imperial County, CA, USA, within
Bakgrund: Amning innebär hälsofördelar både för mor och barn. Trots att majoriteten av kvinnor önskar att amma, minskar andelen barn som helammas. Amningsstödet har beskrivits som otillräcklig, med brister inom den postnatala vården. Kvinnor har i tidigare studier lyft fram avsaknaden av fördjupade bedömningar av amningen samt brist på känslomässigt stöd under vårdtiden efter förlossningen. Faktor
Abstrakt Bakgrund: Att bli förälder är en av de största omställningarna i livet. Socialstyrelsen rekommenderar utbildning i föräldraskapsstöd i mindre grupper för att stärka blivande föräldrars förmåga att möta barnets behov, känna sig trygga i sin nya roll, skapa trygghet under förlossningen och underlätta omställningen efter förlossningen. Tidigare studier visar på både variation i innehåll och
Att skriva SQL-satser för att hämta användardata är ofta en ansträngande uppgift som kräver god kännedom om hur datainsamlingen fungerar, och hur användare interagerar med applikationen. För utvecklare som endast skriver SQL ibland innebär det mycket kontextväxling och tid som går åt till att åter bekanta sig med dataanalyseringsarbetet. För att lösa detta problemet utvecklades en intern AI-agentWriting SQL to extract usage data is a strenuous task that requires extensive knowledge of logging practices and user interactions within an application. For engineers and developers who write SQL only intermittently, the resulting context switching and re-familiarization can consume valuable work hours. To address this challenge, an internal AI agent was developed to transform natural language i
Denna kandidatuppsats undersöker i vilken utsträckning litteratursökning och sammanfattning inom klinisk farmakologi kan delvis automatiseras genom använd- ning av en lokalt implementerad språkmodell (LLM) i kombination med en Hämt- ningsförbättrad generering (RAG)-komponent, utformad som ett fritextbaserat kliniskt beslutsstöd för medicinska experter. Kandidatuppsatsen syftar till att utveckla enThis thesis investigates the extent to which literature search and summarisation in clinical pharmacology can be partially automated by utilising a locally deployed Large Language Model (LLM) coupled with a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) component, designed as a free-text clinical decision support tool for medi- cal experts. The thesis aims to develop a prototype system consisting of a local
By combining ab initio downfolding with cluster dynamical mean-field theory, we study the degree of correlations in monolayer, bilayer, and bulk breathing-mode kagome van der Waals materials Nb3(F, Cl, Br, I)8. Our new material-specific many-body model library shows that in low-temperature bulk structures the Coulomb correlation strength steadily increases from I to Br, Cl, and F, allowing us to i
Minimal Kitaev chains, composed of two quantum dots connected via a superconductor, have emerged as an attractive platform to realize Majorana bound states (MBSs). These excitations exist when the ground state is degenerate. The additional requirement of isolating the MBS wave functions further restricts the parameter space to discrete sweet spots. While scaling up to Kitaev chains with more than
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of active heart sparing (AHS) planning in patients with locally advanced and centrally located NSCLC receiving standard definitive radiotherapy (RT), while maintaining or improving appropriate lung, esophagus, and spinal cord constraints and planning target volume (PTV) coverage intent. Methods and materials: A total of 27 patients with stage IIIA/B NSCLC
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a leading cause of transfusion-related mortality. Though the precise mechanism is not fully understood, a 2-hit model is widely accepted, involving both a predisposing patient condition and the transfusion itself. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and N-formylated peptides (NFPs), are ele
