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Highly insulated external wall assemblies are commonly employed to enhance building energy performance. However, research indicates that these assemblies may lead to moisture-related issues, such as mould growth. Recent studies suggest that the use of highly hygroscopic insulation materials, owing to their higher moisture buffering value, may mitigate relative humidity levels and consequently the

Throughout the last decades, the social responsibility of corporations has undergone significant changes. From revolving around self-regulation, voluntariness, and soft law, the regulatory landscape has expanded to involve harder demands on corporations, such as mandatory sustainability due diligence. This thesis considers these changes as a hardening of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and

Lunds Tekniska Högskola har beretts tillfälle att inkomma med yttrande över remissen ovan och inkommer härmed med synpunkter. Yttrandet har utarbetats av Ingemar Bengtsson, avdelningsföreståndare och universitetslektor vid Fastighetsvetenskap, och Carl-William Palmqvist, docent och universitetslektor i järnvägsteknik vid Trafik och väg. Vi håller med om problembeskrivningen att Sverige står inför

This paper combines density-based topology optimization (TO) with a “contact aware” shape optimization (SO) which combines the design freedom of TO with the precise boundary representation of SO. Using gradient based optimization, the objective is to design structures in frictionless contact, including the shape of the contacting surfaces. SO is performed on each contacting structure which defines

Vad innebär det för ett barn att växa upp som anhörig i en familj med minoritetsbakgrund? Genom en systemisk utvecklingspsykologisk och rättighetsbaserad analys belyses här både indirekta och direkta konsekvenser av socioekonomiska och strukturella ojämlikheter som hotar dessa barns förutsättningar till välbefinnande och en sund utveckling. Kapitlet lyfter fram hur barns identitet, psykiska hälsa

Judging an individual’s loyalty in security-sensitive roles is a high-stakes task, yet little is known about the extent and sources of variability in such judgments. This study examined how 58 participants with experience in personnel security assessment evaluated applicant profiles connected to five different countries. Each participant reviewed five protocols and judged whether the case containe

Biocatalysis has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable manufacturing, yet conventional modes are hindered by inherent limitations such as metabolic interference, mass transfer barriers, and instability. This study presented a novel platform using fragmented Gluconobacter oxydans, combining the autonomous cofactor regeneration of whole cells with the superior substrate accessibility of free enzym

A classical state-preparation device cannot generate states in relative superposition. We introduce classical models in which devices that are individually unable to generate states with relative superposition can be stochastically coordinated to simulate sets of quantum states. These models have natural operational interpretation in prepare-and-measure scenarios and they can account for many non-

Smart Firefighting is a concept that has emerged within the fire engineering and fire science disciplines in recent years. It can enable informed decision making and improved fire safety. However, its scope, definition, outcomes, and value to emergency management remain unclear. To investigate this, a scoping review and a bibliometric analysis were conducted, following the Preferred Reporting Item

Plant functional traits are fundamental to ecosystem dynamics and Earth system processes, but their global characterization is limited by available field surveys and trait measurements. Recent expansions in biodiversity data aggregation—including vegetation surveys, citizen science observations, and trait measurements—offer new opportunities to overcome these constraints. Here we demonstrate that

With the recent advances in graph neural networks, there is a rising number of studies on graph-based multi-label classification with the consideration of object dependencies within visual data. Nevertheless, graph representations can become indistinguishable due to the complex nature of label relationships. We propose a multi-label image classification framework based on graph transformer network

Medulloblastoma and glioblastoma are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in children and adults, respectively. Tumor-associated macrophages and microglia are key non-cancerous cell types in these tumors. These cells interact with CD24, a so called “don’t eat me signal” expressed on tumor cells, through Siglec-10, a receptor that contributes to immune evasion by promoting an immunosuppre

In today’s volatile and changing environment employment, innovation, and economic growth are basic characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to investigate the challenges and enablers of digitalization in SMEs. Expert responses provide numerical weights to 6 barriers and 5 alternatives using Super Decisions v3.2 software. The results sho

Given many recent advanced embedding models, selecting pre-trained word representation (ie, word embedding) models best fit for a specific downstream NLP task is non-trivial. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach to extracting, evaluating, and visualizing multiple sets of pre-trained word embed-dings to determine which embeddings should be used in a downstream task. First, for extraction

Biomassa har varit en central del av Sveriges strategi för att ersätta fossila bränslen de senaste decennierna. Samtidigt pekar flera studier på att efterfrågan på biomassa riskerar att bli större än den hållbara tillgången med en sådan strategi. Detta skapar betydande osäkerhet kring bioenergins framtida roll i energisystemet – både när det gäller var den kommer att behövas, hur konkurrensen med

BACKGROUND: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) originating from inactivation of genes like BRCA1/BRCA2 is a targetable abnormality common in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive HER2-negative (ERpHER2n) breast cancer (BC), HRD prevalence and clinical impact are unclear.METHODS: We analyzed 502 ERpHER2n tumors from patients recruited via the population-rep

Background: This study investigated the moderating role of household disposable income and family type on the association between precarious employment (PE) and diagnosed mental disorders. Methods: This longitudinal study used register data from the Swedish Work, Illness, and Labour-market Participation (SWIP) cohort. The study population included all individuals aged 27–65 who were employed in 20

Performing a controlled glide of an Airbus A320 following an all-engine failure at cruising altitude is a highly demanding task for pilots. This study investigates whether judgement heuristics can enhance pilot performance in managing this scenario. While the existing ALL ENG FAIL Airbus procedure provides valid guidance, it offers disconnected navigational inputs to the pilots. This simulator-bas

Extracting financial Key Performance Indicators from annual reports is one of many manual tasks in the banking sector. This can be automated with Machine Learning techniques such as Question Answering, Named Entity Recognition, Entity Relation, Text-to-Sql, or Retrieval Augmented Generation. In this thesis, different models performances are evaluated when extracting KPIs from annual reports, both