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Rater agreement is commonly assessed in radiologic studies concerning image quality. There are several methods of measuring rater agreement. To choose the appropriate method, the researcher needs to consider the scale of the outcome variable and the design of the study. This article provides a brief overview of available methods, focusing on the most practical and commonly used, including intracla
Aphids cause massive agricultural losses through direct damage or as pathogen vectors. Control often relies on insecticides, which are expensive and not selective. An interesting alternative is to use aphid sex pheromones nepetalactone (NON) and nepetalactol (NOL) to interfere with aphid mating or attract aphid predators. Here, we explore production of these compounds in plants, as their precursor
The emergence of cyber mistreatment among frontline workers in their digital interactions with customers, clients and patients represents a significant but relatively new work environment risk within the service sector. Human resource management has a key role in digital transformation, which includes securing safe and healthy workplaces and fostering sustainable practices for handling cyber mistr
Developing an efficient code for large, multiscale astrophysical simulations is crucial in preparing for the upcoming era of exascale computing. RAMSES is an astrophysical simulation code that employs parallel processing based on the message-passing interface (MPI). However, it has limitations in computational and memory efficiency when using a large number of CPU cores. The problem stems from ine
Digital twins have been gaining an immense interest in various fields over the last decade. Bringing conventional process simulation models into (near) real time are thought to provide valuable insights for operators, decision makers, and stakeholders in many industries. The objective of this paper is to describe two methods for implementing digital twins at water resource recovery facilities and
Energy-efficient building designs, notably through adding insulation, can reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by over 40 %, but may also increase risk of condensation. Therefore, a comprehensive decision analysis approach is essential for selecting optimal building envelope assemblies while considering their hygrothermal, economic, and environmental implications. This study intr
Cellular-based localization and sensing pave the way for a variety ofapplications across various domains, ranging from autonomous driv-ing to emergency care and intelligent traffic management. Althoughtraditional methods have been effective, they still face challenges such as therequirement for highly accurate models and the inherent complexity of thealgorithms. This thesis explores the potential
Preconcentration of methane (CH4) from air is a critical sampling step in the measurement of singly and doubly substituted isotopologue ratios. We demonstrate the potential for isotope fractionation during preconcentration onto and elution from the common trapping material HayeSep-D and investigate its significance in laser spectroscopy measurements. By altering the trapping temperature for adsorp
Achieving net-zero climate targets requires some level of carbon dioxide removal. Current assessments focus on tonnes of CO2 removed, without specifying what form these removals will take. Here, we show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, w
I en samtid där akademisk prestation är en allt viktigare aspekt för framtida framgång blir det angeläget att veta vilka faktorer som kan inverka på det. Anknytning har visat sig ha en väsentlig roll i vår utveckling och därav väcks frågeställningen kring vilken betydelse anknytning har för akademisk prestation. I den här systematiska narrativa kunskapsöversikten har vi granskat och eftersökt redaIn a time where academic achievement is a key factor for future success, the importance of knowing which factors have an impact on achievement is crucial. Parent-child attachment has shown to have an essential role in our development and therefore the question of which role attachment has on academic achievement is awoken. In this systematic narrative review we have examined and sought after exist
Background/Problematization: Iconic brands are the gold standard of branding and have established a central role in the consumers’ lives. Behind every iconic brand, we can find iconic products. Despite the importance of these products, iconic products are overlooked in academia. Few studies have explored the concept and there is no common definition or comprehensive framework. This is restrictive
Den bakomliggande orsaken till att islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) är cytotoxisk mot β-celler från bukspottkörteln tros vara prefibrillära oligomerer. Oligomererna skapas då IAPP ändrar konformation till amyloidfibriller. Förlusten av β-celler från cellklusterna har kopplats till typ II-diabetes. Ytterligare kunskap om hur man hindrar IAPP från att växla till den giftiga oligomerformen är oerhörtPrefibrillar oligomers are thought to be the “culprit” behind the cytotoxicity of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to pancreatic islet β-cells. The oligomers are generated in the process of IAPP’s conformational change into amyloid fibrils. The depletion of islet β-cells has been connected to type II diabetes. Knowledge of how to stop IAPP from switching into the cytotoxic oligomer form is of the
Under de senaste 30 åren har migrationsförvar (Engelska: Detention centers) blivit metoden att föredra när det gäller hanteringen av migrationsströmmarna i flera länder inom Europeiska Unionen (EU). I samband med den ökade användningen har det även skett en förändring från att stater har ett slags monopol gällande hanteringen av migrationsfunktioner till att stater delegerar (Engelska: Outsource) In the last three decades, detention centers have become the preferred method to manage the migration flow in multiple states within the European Union (EU). In correlation to the increasing use of detention centers, there has been a shift from states having a type of monopoly on migration management functions, to an increase of states outsourcing their responsibility to private companies. When st
This thesis aimed to develop a rooftop tent targeting the needs of younger users. Using the Double Diamond design methodology the team was guided throughout the phases of the project. The research phase consisted of thorough market research, a questionnaire with over 50 participants and seven interviews. This data was then analyzed with the target user in mind by developing a methodology for mapp
Atypical femur fractures (AFF) are rare but clinically important fractures that have been associated with long-term mechanical loading and altered bone remodeling. In this study, a phase-field fatigue modeling framework was developed and calibrated to investigate fracture initiation in the femur under cyclic loading conditions representative of walking. The model was based on a previously publishe
Image compression is crucial for storing remote sensing data in space-constrained on-orbit systems. Current methods primarily follow two directions. The first combines wavelet transforms with post-processing, leveraging wavelets' sparse representation for multi-resolution analysis and efficient hardware implementation. The second employs compressed sensing (CS), which shifts complexity to the deco
As young people increasingly relocate due to work, study and shifting life circumstances, they are constantly adapting to new living environments and spatial layouts. This project explores how lighting design can support this evolving “nomadic” lifestyle — helping individuals establish a sense of home more quickly within unfamiliar spaces. It further investigates how lighting and furniture can bec
