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When Swedish wastewater treatment plants were rebuilt to include enhanced nitrogen removal, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was far from being a mature technology. During the 2000s, the process has been introduced into sludge liquor treatment worldwide. The step to introduce anammox in the mainstream is decreasing, but lab- and pilot-scale studies on real municipal wastewater are yet lackin

The purpose of this study was to explore neuroretinal transplantation in a large animal model of severe retinitis pigmentosa and to establish graft development, long-term survival, graft-host integration, and effects on the host retina. Methods Rhodopsin transgenic pigs, aged 6 months, received in one eye a fetal full-thickness neuroretinal sheet in the subretinal space by means of vitrectomy and

An ability to interact with plasminogen or plasmin could provide micro-organisms with a mechanism for invasion. Thus, group A, C and G streptococci secrete streptokinase which binds and activates plasminogen. Some streptococci also express surface structures which bind plasminogen without causing its activation. Plasminogen-binding surface proteins were extracted from one group C and one group G s

Deficiencies of the early components of the classical complement pathway impair the actions of innate and humoral immunity and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections. We have studied the genetic basis of total C4B deficiency in a Finnish patient with recurrent meningitis, chronic fistulas and abscesses. The maternal chromosome carried a four-gene deletion including the C4B gene, and a

A pilot-plant study, made to clarify whether biological denitrification is a possible and suitable method for nitrate reduction of drinking water in Sweden is presented. The concentration of nitrate-nitrogen in un-treated water was 10–15 mg/l. The reactor was a 1.2 m aluminium tube with a inner diameter of 0.19 m. 0.75 m was filled with Filtralite®, expanded clay, through which the nitrate-contami

During recent decades we have witnessed growing scientific concern, public debate and media attention concerning the possible adverse effects on humans and wildlife that may result from exposure to a wide range of environmental contaminants. These contaminants are called endocrine disrupters, or endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and are defined as chemicals that interfere with the function of

Radionuclides from the Chernobyl accident were released and dispersed during a limited period of time, but under different weather conditions. As a result the radionuclides were unevenly distributed on the ground. During the years the initial deposition has been altered at some locations by different processes, but remains relatively unchanged in others. Here we report on the current inhomogeneous

Public procurement for innovation is a matter of using public demand to trigger innovation. Empirical studies have demonstrated that demand-based policy instruments can be considered to be a powerful tool in stimulating innovative processes among existing firms. However, the existing literature has not focused on the role this policy instrument can play in the promotion of (knowledge-intensive) en

Popular Abstract in Undetermined Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska Nästäppa, som betyder svårigheter att andas med näsan är ett vanligt symtom i befolkningen, och en vanlig orsak till att patienter söker vård. Kronisk nästäppa är ett frekvent symtom (ca 40 % av vuxna) som ofta medför mun-andning med torra slemhinnor i munhåla och svalg samt snarkning till följd. Nässkiljeväggen, septSubjective nasal obstruction is a common chronic complaint caused by mucosal disease, skeletal abnormality or a combination of both. The challenge is to determine the main cause and to decide whether the intervention should be medical or surgical. Diagnosis is done by a combination of rhinoscopy, subjective and objective assessments of nasal obstruction. Rhinomanometry measures the nasal airway re

Although Moral Foundations Theory claims that the foundations of morality are universal, there are still few studies addressing it through non-English measures. In the current research, 540 persons filled out a Swedish translation of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, and 332 of them filled out political attitude measures. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested that the fit of the five-factor mo

Abstract in UndeterminedThe use of a polar diagram method for describing and evaluating the machinability ofInconel 718 was explored. Five key parameters of the work material, representing themechanical and physical properties, which have the strongest influence on its machinability,were employed in the diagrams. These five parameters were integrated into asingle polar diagram, used to describe th

The self-diffusion coefficients of water in casein solutions and gels were measured using a pulsed-gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance technique (PGSE NMR). The dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient of water on the concentration and structure-of casein is reported. The results were analyzed using a cell model. It was found that the water self-diffusion coefficient is insensitive t

Proteins can adjust their structure and function in response to shifting environments. Functional diversity is created not only by the sequence but by changes in tertiary structure. Here we present evidence that lipid cofactors may enable otherwise unstable protein folding variants to maintain their conformation and to form novel, biologically active complexes. We have identified unsaturated C18 f