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Extending the product development process to also include the concurrent design of product and packaging is expected to increase efficiency and effectiveness in the development process. Apart from the obvious advantage of reducing the lead times of the development project, improving environmental impact by reducing the consumption of raw material due to the possibility of facilitating a "tailor ma
Deterioration of concrete structures is a worldwide problem. Environmental exposure is known to affect concrete strength in structures. While moisture affects rebound values by lowering them, carbonation does the opposite. The aim of the study was to determine the in-situ concrete strength of three bridge elements, namely, pier, abutment and deck and evaluate the environmental conditions such as m
Colour is disregarded in the analysis of the grammar of a building façade. Contemporary architecture, as well as traditional historical architecture, is built on a relation between colours. Colour schemes of vernacular architecture is a part of the local regional heritage.A re-established exterior colour scheme in rural areas would strengthen the local identity. In Sweden the dominating part of ve
Many control systems have a global dynamical behavior that in addition to a desired stable equilibrium has one or more unstable equilibria or other exceptional trajectories. Typical examples of such systems are pendulums or so called phase locked loops. The objective of the paper is to compare two different methods for analysis of the global behavior in such systems. The first method is LaSalle's
The use of passive house technique has been used in a new wood framed building in Sweden. Besides the positive effect of reduced energy need, highly insulated wooden houses often have a higher risk of moisture and mould problems. The reason is that critical positions is more exposed to higher relative humidity compared to ordinary houses with thinner insulation. To investigate if an external wall
We need to understand the major signalling events in human B cell differentiation in order to be able to regulate the generation of human antigen specific antibodies. This study has focused on the signalling mechanisms involved in generation of germinal centre reaction and secretion of specific antibodies by human B cells, using different in vitro immunisation technologies. Naive human B cells tha
Plug-and-Produce (with the meaning that devices can be plugged in without any manual configurations needed) is an attractive paradigm for manufacturing systems, and in particular for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that do not have the expertise of system integrators but do need to be able to reconfigure their systems by themselves. One approach for loosely (in terms of timing) coupled devices
Popular Abstract in Swedish Internationalisering av högre utbildning beskrivs i första delen av avhandlingen i ett vidare perspektiv, flera olika forskningstraditioner som berör högre utbildning och internationalisering beskrivs i syfte att utgöra en bakgrund för argument som framhåller ett pedagogiskt och didaktiskt perspektiv som väsentligt i samband med utveckling och konkretisering av en interThe development of higher education in the Western countries involves ideas of internationalisation, included in curricular objectives. Policy-makers stipulate internationalisation ideologies, from a politico-economic perspective, where ideas about flows of various cultural elements are incorporated in visionary idealistic terms. Nevertheless teachers and students and others concerned with higher
Rapid development of computer capacity and advances in numerical solution methods for the governing equations of fluid flow and heat transfer have enabled CFD (computational fluid dynamics) methods to gradually become useful tools in research and development, engineering design and analysis of heat transfer equipment. However, turbulence modelling still presents a problem as accurate and reliable
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårt immunsystem är uppbyggt runt två typer av celler som har som uppgift att försvaraoss mot infektioner. T lymfocyterna står för det cellmedierade immunförsvaret som är speciellt viktigt för att bekämpa virusinfektioner med B lymfocyterna har som uppgift att producera antikroppar. Antikroppar finns i alla kroppsvätskor och kan interagera med toxiner, virus och bakteriEach immunoglobulin (Ig) V gene segment contains an upstream promoter region. The octamer element and the TATA box are the only elements that are conserved in all Ig promoters. The presence of the octamer element is necessary, but not sufficient to support high levels of transcription. Therefore, the activity of other co-stimulatory elements is required. This investigation has focused on the study
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen utreder några av konsekvenserna av de institutionella reformer som genomfördes i Sydafrika under 1990-talet, med särskilt fokus på det nya kommunsystemet, enligt vilket varje kommun är skyldig att stimulera lokal ekonomisk utveckling i samarbete med det lokal näringslivet och andra civilsamhälleliga aktörer. Den syftar även till att utveckla den samhällsvetThis thesis focuses on the consequences of the institutional transformations in South Africa during the 1990s with specific reference to the introduction of a mode of local governance based on the direct participation of private and civic actors in policymaking and implementation. The study also aims to contribute to theory. The approach is that public, private and civic associations are best unde
Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) has successfully been used in immunotherapy of different experimental tumours. Mechanistically, IFN-gamma has extensive effects on the immune system including release of nitric oxide (NO) by upregulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). NO has putative immunosuppressive effects but could also play a role in killing of tumour cells. Therefore, the aim of t
n the current study, we address the underlying mechanism for the selective generation of gut-homing T cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). We demonstrate that DCs in the GALT are unique in their capacity to establish T cell gut tropism but in vivo only confer this property to T cells in the presence of DC maturational stimuli, including toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent
Teaching design history to future designers poses great challenges to me as an academic in the design field. There is a constant need to further describe and analyze how design and its history continuously are being made. The role of the designer implies the crafting of artefacts or at least an ability to communicate the possibility of them being materialized. Design history has mainly focused on
This thesis investigates the reading of fiction by young pupils, and classroom work using reading as its starting point. The aim is to gather knowledge about the possibilities and limitations of some of the literary-pedagogical tools that are used in literature-based work in the years pre-school to third grade. The teaching aims to provide the conditions necessary for the pupils to build envisionm
We introduce an axiomatization for the coalgebraic fixed point logic which was introduced by Venema as a generalization, based on Moss' coalgebraic modality, of the well-known modal mucalculus. Our axiomatization can be seen as a generalization of Kozen's proof system for the modal mu-calculus to the coalgebraic level of generality. It consists of a complete axiomatization for Moss' modality, exte
Radiative lifetimes of 17 high-lying excited states in Rh I aremeasured using the time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence method. Out of these lifetimes, 13 are new and the remaining four confirm previous measurements. Furthermore, we report the first theoretical investigation of Rh I, where the radiative decay properties of all experimentally known levels below 47 000 cm(-1) are calculated using
