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Popular Abstract in Swedish Atmosfäriskt nedfall är den största källan till miljögiftet PCB i sötvatten. I flertalet vattendrag, exempelvis Emån, fungererar också sediment som en källa. Ett pappersbruk i anslutning till Emån hade använt returpapper som innehöll PCB som råvara. PCB följde med utsläppen till ån och lagrades in i sedimenten. Miljögiftet läckte sedan ut långsamt till vattnet. Största Atmospheric deposition is one source of persistent pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in aquatic environments. Other point sources can also contribute to the PCB loadings in the water. In the Emån River, in southeast Sweden, contaminated sediment was a source of PCB, the largest deposits of it being found in a small lake connected with the river, Lake Järnsjön, the sediment of it c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi har studerat hur man kan använda immunsystemet för att behandla råttor med hjärntumör (maligna gliom). Eftersom råttor väldigt sällan utvecklar hjärntumörer, så måste vi injicera tumörceller i hjärnan själva. Om djuren inte får någon behandling dör de vanligen inom ca. 24 dagar. Får de däremot en injektion i buken eller under huden på benet med genmanipulerade tumörcMalignant glioma is, with rare exceptions in younger adults, an uncurable brain tumor, as very few survive more than 1-2 years after diagnosis. Despite advances in recent years, current treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy only prolongs the life of the patients. Because of the poor prognosis, several additional therapies have been investigated and are under development, such a

BACKGROUND: Community studies have documented prevalence rates of psychological disorders among older individuals. Further, a growing number of studies have examined depression in older medical patients. However, little is known about the prevalence of a broad range of psychological disorders and psychosocial stressors among older primary care patients. The purpose of the present study was to char

Background Exposure to inorganic arsenic increases the risk of cancer and non-malignant diseases. Inefficient arsenic metabolism is a marker for susceptibility to arsenic toxicity. Arsenic may alter gene expression, possibly by altering DNA methylation. Objectives To elucidate the associations between arsenic exposure, gene expression, and DNA methylation in peripheral blood, and the modifying eff

BACKGROUND: Aggregate and risk-stratified perioperative mortality rates (POMR) are well-documented in high-income countries where surgical databases are common. In many low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) settings, such data are unavailable, compromising efforts to understand and improve surgical outcomes. We undertook a systematic review to determine how POMR is used and defined in LMICs

We used PCR and DNA sequencing to screen for haemosporidian parasites (Haemoproteus and Plasmodium) in 2,488 individual birds from 104 species and 22 families, primarily understory suboscine passerines, captured in a lowland Amazonian forest in Ecuador as a first major step to understanding the transmission dynamics of this cosmopolitan group of parasites in this region. To assess diversity of avi

Little is known about c-type cytochromosomes in Gram-positive bacteria in contrast to the wealth of information available on this type of cytochrome in Gram-negative bacteria and in eucaryotes. In the present work, the strictly aerobic bacterium Bacillus subtilis was analyzed for subcellular localization and number of different cytochromes c. In vivo labeling with radioactive 5-aminolevulinic acid

Objectives: Dysglycemia and glycemic variability are associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. Targeted temperature management alters blood glucose homeostasis. We investigated the association between blood glucose concentrations and glycemic variability and the neurologic outcomes of patients randomized to targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36°C after cardiac arrest. Desig

OBJECTIVE: Identification of the causal mutation in an African-American family with adult-onset primary dystonia. BACKGROUND: The vast majority of patients with dystonia are adults with primary focal or segmental anatomical distributions. Familial and sporadic dystonia appear to share the same genetic etiological background. Although approximately 10% of probands have at least one first- or second

In this paper, we consider positioning with observed-time-difference-of-arrival (OTDOA) for a device deployed in long-term-evolution (LTE) based narrow-band Internet-of-things (NB-IoT) systems. We propose an iterative expectation- maximization based successive interference cancellation (EM-SIC) algorithm to jointly consider estimations of residual frequency- offset (FO), fading-channel taps and ti

Technology transfer is important to understand how knowledge is transformed to economic value. Applying a case study approach, this thesis investigates the technology transfer efforts from the University of Dar Es Salaam to indigenous informal SMEs in Tanzania and examines the impact of one of their technology transfer mechanisms on the specific technological capabilities that were acquired at the

This thesis presents two new technologies, SIRE technology based biosensors and magneto immunoassays, which can be used for bioanalytical applications. One of the main problems associated with biosensor technology is the instability of the recognition element since it is of biological origin and thus, has a limited lifetime. Conventionally, this problem has been solved by immobilizing the biologic

Popular Abstract in Swedish Svensk populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Miljögift är mat för bakterier i grundvatten Jag har undersökt bakteriers nedbrytning av organiska miljögifter i grundvatten och intresserat mig för hur den påverkas av gifternas vidhäftning till sand och bakteriernas aktivitet och mångfald. Sådan kunskap kan bidra till att förhindra gifters spridning till t.ex. drickvatten. Many factors can influence the rate of microbial degradation of organic contaminants in aquifers. Some of these factors, e.g. sorption, the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM), biomass, redox conditions, cometabolism, microbial community composition, and activity of degrading microorganisms, are addressed in the thesis, with the ambition to gain insights for bioremediation in aquifers, and

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tumörimmunologisk grundkurs: En tumörcell har en gång i tiden varit en vanlig laglydig cell i någon av kroppens vävnader men på grund av arv eller dålig uppväxtmiljö så har denna cell upphört att följa de tillväxt begränsande regler som normala celler rättar sig efter. Förutom att kontrollen av celldelningen upphört så kan tumörcellen uppvisa ett mer eller mindre asociThis study aims at clarifying the role of NO in the immunosuppression induced by in vivo tumor growth and by tumor immunotherapy, and determining whether the inhibition of NO production can be used as an adjuvant in tumor immunotherapy. We have shown previously that tumor cells, glioma (N32) and colon carcinoma (H1D2), when genetically engineered to express such immune stimulatory cytokines as IFN

This second edition of the infrared microwindow atlas contains a collection of spectral mi- crowindows commonly used or recently suggested for ground-based, high resolution, infrared solar absoption spectroscopy. These solar observations are aimed at quantifying the abun- dance of trace species in the terrestrial atmosphere. A microwindow is a narrow spectral interval that allows to observe a spec

Phenotypic plasticity may enable organisms to optimize their phenotypes in environments that are heterogeneous over time or space. For example, inducible defenses are favored for prey populations faced with variable predation risk. We studied the impact of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) on the development of defensive morphological characters in larvae of the mayfly, Drunella coloradensis, bo