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Background We aimed to estimate lifetime cumulative risk of thyroid cancer (CRTC) in first-degree relatives of patients with non-medullary thyroid cancers (NMTC), including papillary (PTC)/follicular/oxyphilic/anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, by histology and age at diagnosis in patients and their relatives. Design A population-based cohort of 63 495 first-degree relatives of 11 206 NMTC patients dia
Background. In SBRT of lung tumours no established relationship between dose-volume parameters and the incidence of lung toxicity is found. The aim of this study is to compare the LQ model and the universal survival curve (USC) to calculate biologically equivalent doses in SBRT to see if this will improve knowledge on this relationship. Material and methods. Toxicity data on radiation pneumonitis
Background: The relationship between smoking and an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases is well known. Whether smokeless tobacco (snuff) is related to myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke is still controversial. Aim of this study was to explore whether snuff users have an increased incidence of MI or stroke. Methods: A total of 16 754 women and 10 473 men (aged 45-73 years), without his
Stroke causes life long disabilities where few therapeutic options are available. Using electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain and physical rehabilitation, recovery of brain function can be enhanced even late after stroke. Animal models support this notion, and housing rodents in an enriched environment (EE) several days after experimental stroke stimulates lost brain function by multise
Changes in the seasonal timing of life history events are documented effects of climate change. We used a general model to study how dispersal and competitive interactions affect eco-evolutionary responses to changes in the temporal distribution of resources over the season. Specifically, we modeled adaptation of the timing of reproduction and population dynamic responses in two competing populati
This report is the result of study that was performed in January and February 2009. It was presented and reviewed at the Annual Meeting of the Law and Society Association: Law, Power, and Inequality in the 21st Century in May 2009. The study empirically examined, or rather examined the lack of, social norms opposing illegal file sharing. A total of over 1,000 respondents have answered the questio
A Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst) forest site in southwest Sweden was chosen to study the effects of storm disturbances over the period 1997-2009, during which two storms, 'Lothar' (December 1999) and 'Gudrun' (January 2005), affected the area. Monitored deposition data, soil water chemistry data and forest inventory data were compared with the predictions of an integrated ecosystem model, ForSA
Through physiological integration, clonal plants can support ramets in unfavourable patches, exploit heterogeneously distributed resources and distribute resources that are taken up over large areas. Physiological integration generally increases in adverse conditions, but it is not well known which factors determine the evolution of physiological integration. The aim of this study was to investiga
Background: Public transport is low cost, allows for independence, and facilitates engagement and participation for non-drivers. However, the viewpoints of individuals with cognitive disabilities are rarely considered. In Australia, the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is approximately 1% and increasing. Many individuals with ASD do not possess a driver's licence, indicating that acce
In order to maximize the biomass yield in fed-batch cultivations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a pulse feeding strategy originally developed by Mats Åkesson at the department of automatic con-trol (Åkesson, 1999), was implemented. The controller was intended to keep the specific glucose uptake rate, qs, below the critical specific glucose uptake rate qs crit , to avoid over-flow metabolism. Simulat
Surrogatmoderskap är inte tillåtet inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård. Samtidigt finns det inget direkt förbud mot surrogatarrangemang i svensk rätt. Uppsatsen belyser det rättsliga vakuum som uppstår när svenskar ingår surrogatarrangemang utomlands och därefter återvänder till Sverige med barn som saknar klart fastställda föräldrar enligt svensk rätt. I centrum för framställningen står principen om Surrogacy is not permitted within Swedish healthcare services. However, there is no explicit prohibition against surrogacy arrangements under Swedish law. This thesis highlights the legal vacuum that arises when Swedish citizens engage in surrogacy arrangements abroad and subsequently return to Sweden with children whose legal parentage is not clearly established under Swedish law. The core of the
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a frequent but underreported consequence of professional cycling crashes, yet current helmet testing standards primarily simulate head-first impacts, and their representation of real-world head impact scenarios is unclear. This study explores crash typology of professional cycling crashes involving head-ground contact through systematic video analysis of 128 h
Title: Production Scheduling, a TOC approach. Authors: Carl Andersson Alenbratt and Johan Knutsson. Supervisors: Peter Berling, LTH and Anders Theander, SGSS. Background: The problem of production scheduling is how to efficiently utilize available resources in order to both effectively and efficiently meet customer demand. In a modern manufacturing environment this is a very complex issue but it i
Human activities in deciduous forests over the past centuries have influenced associated species. To reduce extinction risks and mitigate population declines, there is growing interest in forest conservation and restoration, including initiatives by the European Union (EU). For resulting restoration and conservation practices to succeed, it is essential to know which forest characteristics promote
Methane (CH4) oxidation in well-drained soils is a key process contributing to the global CH4 sink. Yet, temporal and depth-specific CH4 oxidation is rarely described despite being critical for the surface net CH4 uptake. Here, we linked year-round field observations of CH4 fluxes in well-drained cultivated soils with subsurface CH4 concentrations, laboratory incubations, and process-based modelin
This degree project aimed to produce a standardized food product enriched with 14g polar lipids (PL) and compare its effects on glycemic response and appetite sensations both acutely and following a second meal in healthy individuals. In order to elucidate the viability of enriching a prebaked product with polar lipids researchers spent multiple weeks assessing variations in recipe, cook time, coo
Enligt ett flertal forskare uppstår det en konflikt då västerländska turister besöker muslimska destinationer. När individer med olika sedvänjor, värderingar och världsbilder möts kan det uppstå en konflikt i och med att individer önskar använda platsen på olika sätt. En del destinationer har valt att, med hjälp av en fysisk uppdelning och/eller en “double-standard policy”, upprätta gränsdragningaAccording to a large amount of researchers, conflict arises as western tourists visit Muslim destinations. When differentiating customs, values and worldviews meet, a conflict can arise in relation to the utilisation of the physical area in which the two cultures interact. With the help of physical separation and double standard policies, some destinations have chosen demarcation as a tool to upho
