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The four surprisingly complex visual sensory organs of cubomedusae, the rhopalia, contain each six eyes of four morphologically different types, two of which are camera-type eyes. This means that the evolutionary basal nervous system of cubomedusae must process the visual signals received from a total of 24 rhopalial eyes. Since the neuronal organization of the rhopalia is obscure, the role of the
Aim: To compare vibrotactile sense, 5 years after carpal tunnel release in people with and without diabetes. Methods: Out of 35 people with diabetes and carpal tunnel syndrome, age- and gender-matched with 31 people without diabetes but with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, 27 and 30 people, respectively, participated in this prolonged follow-up. Vibration perception threshold of the index and l
Although there has been a long tradition of public space-related land speculation and development, the recent success of the High Line in New York has highlighted the transformative effect carefully designed and curated public spaces can have on the local economy. By prioritising exchange value over use value, governments and developers are exploiting the production of public spaces as a means for
The health and productivity of global land resources are declining, while demand for those resources is increasing. The aim of land degradation neutrality (LDN) is to maintain or enhance land-based natural capital and its associated ecosystem services. The Scientific Conceptual Framework for Land Degradation Neutrality has been developed to provide a scientific approach to planning, implementing a
In this paper, a large scale molecular dynamic method for reconstruction of the catalyst layers (CLs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells is developed as a systematic technique to provide an insight into the self-organized phenomena and the microscopic structure. The proposed Coarse-Grained (CG) method is developed and applied to the step formation process, which follows the preparation of the
Solar cells made from inorganic-organic perovskites have gradually approached market requirements as their efficiency and stability have improved tremendously in recent years. Planar low-temperature processed perovskite solar cells are advantageous for possible large-scale production but are more prone to exhibiting photocurrent hysteresis, especially in the regular n-i-p structure. Here, a system
All-inorganic colloidal perovskite quantum dots (QDs) based on cesium, lead, and halide have recently emerged as promising light emitting materials. CsPbBr3 QDs have also been demonstrated as stable two-photon-pumped lasing medium. However, the reported two photon absorption (TPA) cross sections for these QDs differ by an order of magnitude. Here we present an in-depth study of the TPA properties
Policy implementation is a complex process and the theoretical problem has been approached in different ways for a long time. Perspectives have converged around governance, negotiation and adaptation and the learning perspective is increasingly acknowledged. This paper explores how policy implementation may be understood from a learning perspective, affected by universal tendencies for humans to d
Objectives: To identify ultrasound features of papillations or of the cyst wall that can discriminate between benign and malignant unilocular-solid cysts with papillations but no other solid components. Methods: From the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database derived from seven ultrasound centers, we identified patients with an adnexal lesion described at ultrasonography as unilocula
Extracting speaker-dependent paralinguistic information out of a person's voice, provides an opportunity for adaptive behaviour related to speaker information in speech processing applications. For instance, in audio-based conversational applications, adapting responses to the attributes of the correspondent is an integral part in making the conversations effective. Two speaker attributes that hum
Manual co-speech gestures can facilitate language comprehension, but do they influence language comprehension in simultaneous interpreters, and if so, is this influence modulated by simultaneous interpreting (SI) and/or by interpreting experience? In a picture-matching task, 24 professional interpreters and 24 professional translators were exposed to utterances accompanied by semantically matching
The aim was to describe food intake over time in children and adolescents, with respect to age and gender. The present study was a repeated cross-sectional study using self-reported data from a health questionnaire. Data were collected from the School Health Services in south-east Sweden from 44 297 students, 10, 13-14 and 16 years of age, 48 % girls and 52 % boys from 2009/2010 to 2015/2016. Repo
In 2013, the drinking water for one-third of the households in Ronneby, Sweden, was found to be contaminated by perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS, >10,000 ng/L) from Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF). In utero PFAS exposure can influence birth weight, but little is known about the effects at very high levels. This study aimed to examine the association between in utero PFAS exposure and birth w
The dawn of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 brought on an acceleration of the transition to virtual spaces in international diplomacy. Studying the virtualization of peace mediation, we describe the new conditions of hybrid peace mediation and show both advantages and challenges in comparison to traditional diplomatic face-to-face meetings. We show how virtual meetings have advantages, such as poten
We are surrounded by various chemicals, both naturally occurring and synthetically produced. Some, but not all, chemicals can be hazardous for human health following exposure, especially for vulnerable population groups including children, adolescents, and pregnant women. The increased use and production of chemicals have contributed positively to society in numerous ways, while also resulting in
OBJECTIVES: The National Board of Health and Welfare in Sweden published the national guidelines for Parkinson's Disease 2016. The aim of this study was to summarize this evidence review and development of the guidelines, focusing on the economic evaluation of device-aided therapies (deep brain stimulation, pump-based infusion of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel or apomorphine) for Parkinson's di
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease requiring insulin treatment for survival. Prolonged duration of type 1 diabetes is associated with increased risk of microvascular complications. Although chronic hyperglycemia and diabetes duration have been considered as the major risk factors for vascular complications, this is not universally seen among all patients. Persons with long-term type 1
Background: Osteoporosis is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the use of simple vertebral trabecular attenuation values for opportunistic osteoporosis screening. Meanwhile, machine learning has been used to accurately segment large parts of the human skeleton. Purpose: To evaluate a fully automated deep learning-based method for lumbar vertebral
While a broad spectrum of technologies is integrated in everyday life and routines, most research on ageing, health and technology has focused on attitudes toward and adoption of digital technologies including e-health, or home based monitoring systems. The aim of this study was to explore differences and similarities in attitudes and experiences with different types of technologies and developmen
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the costs of HIV care in Ethiopia.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the average per person year (PPY) cost of care for HIV patients with and without anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in a district hospital.METHODS: Data on costs and utilization of HIV-related services were taken from Arba Minch Hospital (AMH) in southern Ethiopia. Mean annual outpatient and inpatient costs and c
