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Aging profoundly affects the immune system leading to an increased propensity for inflammation. Age-related dysregulation of immune cells is implicated in the development and progression of numerous age-related diseases such as: cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. Monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages, being important players in the inflammatory resp

Even though the validity of x-ray computed tomography in the analysis of biomedical samples is nowadays undisputed, the more recent imaging techniques and more advanced instruments (such as synchrotrons) are still relatively unknown to many medical doctors that could benefit from them.The doctoral work presented in this thesis joins a collective effort from the imaging community to demonstrate pot

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to contribute with increased knowledge of the complex role of internal communication during a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, the authors want to address the following research questions. How can the overall approach to internal crisis communication during the pandemic be interpreted, and what view of internal crisis communication does this

Structural changes and neuropathology in the hypothalamus have been suggested to contribute to the non-motor manifestations of Huntington’s disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. In the present study, we investigated whether transcriptional changes would be part of hypothalamic pathology induced by the disease-causing huntingtin (H

In parallel with the changes observed in the world of work, the scope of occupational health and safety should be understood in a way that encompasses psychosocial risks. This necessity stems from the principle that occupational health and safety should be dealt with through a dynamic approach and finds itself a place in the national and international legal order. The scope of this thesis in terms

Soil and groundwater contamination is an increasingly recognised threat to public health and the environment around the globe. New types of contaminants continue to emerge, and awareness of their threat, continues to develop. Many countries have national clean-up programs with priority lists of the most hazardous contaminated sites. Investigation and remediation of these sites, however, take a lon

Accumulating evidence demonstrating higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein (αSyn) levels and αSyn pathology in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients suggests that αSyn is involved in the pathophysiology of AD. To investigate whether αSyn could be related to specific aspects of the pathophysiology present in both sporadic and familial disease, we quantified CSF levels of αSyn and as

Mycket forskarmöda har ägnats åt den stora reduktionen i början av 1680-talet, då den svenska adelns förläningar drogs in till kronan och maktbalansen skiftade till den enväldige kungens fördel. Denna forskning har framför allt behandlat den politiska och ekonomiska utvecklingen, ofta ur ett elitperspektiv. Andra gruppers agerande och levda verklighet har sällan blivit belysta, vilket inte minst gA large body of scholarly work has been dedicated to the Swedish reduction in the early 1680s when fiefs granted to the nobility were revoked as the crown strengthened its position. However, this research has focused on political and economic developments from an elite perspective. Insufficient attention has been paid to the actions and lived realities of other groups, not least the servants of th

Background: Posterior cortical atrophy is a rare syndrome characterised by early, prominent, and progressive impairment in visuoperceptual and visuospatial processing. The disorder has been associated with underlying neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease, but large-scale biomarker and neuropathological studies are scarce. We aimed to describe demographic, clinical, biomarker, and neuro

In older adults, age-related degenerative processes and disorders often degrade some sensory systems more than others, which can make postural control disproportionally dependent on one kind of sensory information. The study aims were to investigate 1) the postural stability when healthy older adults were repeatedly exposed to a video in an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment, and 2) the re

This thesis aims to investigate the interaction between complex morphology and complex phonology in the languages of the Caucasus. The Caucasus is well-known for containing languages with exceptionally large case systems and complex polysynthetic verbal morphology, which is paired with some of the largest consonant inventories in the world outside Africa. The study focuses specifically on nominal

När vi människor försöker röra på oss skickas elektriska impulser genom nervsystemet från hjärnan ner till de muskler som är inblandade i den tilltänkta rörelsen. Att kunna mäta sådana nervimpulser hade varit av värde för en rad tillämpningar—information hade då kunnat överföras direkt från nervsystemet utan att gå via långsamma, mekaniska gränssnitt så som tangentbord och pekskärmar. OlyckligtvisElectrical activity produced by muscles during voluntary movement is a reflection of the firing patterns of relevant motor neurons and, by extension, the latent motor intent driving the movement. Once transduced via electromyography (EMG) and converted into digital form, this activity can be processed to provide an estimate of the original motor intent and is as such a feasible basis for non-invas

BACKGROUND: No strong and consistent variables to predict outcome after pain rehabilitation have been reported in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The aim of the present study was to clarify if baseline variables could predict successful outcome after a unique, individualized, physiotherapist-led rehabilitation of nine sessions.METHODS: In 274 individuals with severe chronic musculoskel

BACKGROUND: Sotalol and dronedarone are both used for maintenance of sinus rhythm for patients with atrial fibrillation. However, while sotalol requires initial monitoring for QT prolongation and proarrhythmia, dronedarone does not. These treatments can be used in comparable patients, but their safety and effectiveness have not been compared head to head. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated th

Background: If individual differences are relevant and prominent features of personality, then they are expected to be encoded in natural language, thus manifesting themselves in single words. Recently, the quantification of text data using advanced natural language processing techniques offers innovative opportunities to map people’s own words and narratives to their responses to self-reports. He

This project was recently carried out as a part of The Swedish Pompeii Project, which was started in 2000 as a research and fieldwork activity initiated by the Swedish Institute in Rome. The aim was to record and analyze an entire Pompeian city block, Insula V 1. Since autumn 2011 a new branch of advanced digital archaeology, involving 3D reconstructions and documentation methods, was added to the

Summary. Proceeding from the assumption that metaphors as well as pictures are iconic signs, the present contribution studies what happens when metaphors occur in figurative pictures. The author distinguishes between primary iconicity, the reco¬gnition of which is a condition for the categorization of an object as a sign, and secondary iconicity, which is perceived only after an object has been ca

Following the recent Global Carbon Project (GCP) synthesis of the decadal methane (CH4) budget over 2000-2012 (Saunois et al., 2016), we analyse here the same dataset with a focus on quasi-decadal and inter-annual variability in CH4 emissions. The GCP dataset integrates results from top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. It is most commonly treated by the surgical removal of the tumour in combination with (neo)-adjuvant therapy (hormone, chemo- or radio- therapy before or after surgery). However, a large number of patients are over treated, with approximately 60% being given adjuvant therapy when already cured by surgery alone. This causes many undesirable

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms of cancer. The cause of CRC is multifactorial, and lifestyle factors are thought to be a major contributor to the development of CRC. It can be hypothesised that the association between food intake and the risk of developing CRC depends not only on the food consumed, but what it is consumed in combination with. The associations between food a